132 PBOP. HULL, LL.D., F.E.S., ON HOLY SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATED AND 



the Bible. Some of these still exist, and are knoAvn by the 

 Arabic reiideriiigs of the original Hebrew.* Of the total 

 number of one hundred and thirty-three names recorded at 

 Karnak — some twenty-eight or twenty-nine can be identified 

 Avith the utmost certainty as occurring in the Bible — chiefly 

 in the books of Joslma, Judges, and Chronicles i and ii. 

 The account of Shishak's invasion is given twice over in the 

 Bible ; first, in the book of 1 Kings xiv, 25 ; again, at greater 

 length in the book of 2 Chronicles xii. In this latter book 

 we read that the King of Egypt invaded Southern Palestine, 

 captured Jerusalem, and all the fenced cities which pertainedto 

 Judah, and returned into Egypt carrying away with him the 

 treasures of the King's house, aud the shields of gold which 

 Solomon had made. On his return into Egypt, he had the 

 names of these conquests inscribed on the great temple of 

 Karnak at Thebes, which have now been deciphered and 

 identified with those of the books of the Old Testament, and 

 connected with events therein recorded. The invasion of 

 Palestine by Shishak took place about 972 B.C., and the 

 inscription a little later. Thus these identifications come 

 down to us through a period of nearly 3,000 years. They 

 confirm the account of this historical event as given in the 

 books referred to ; and the special interest of the confirma- 

 tion lies in the fact that it comes through an Egyptian source, 

 rather than through oneconnected directly with the Holy Land. 

 Amongst the names on the temple of Karnak we find those 

 of Gaza, Megiddo, Shunem (Shaunama), Mahanaim (Maha- 

 nema), Beth-horon (Bit-haouroan), Ajalon (Aiaouloun), 

 Shocho (Shaouka), and Berachah (Baruk).t 



2. Tel-el-Hesi and Tel-el- Amarna. I now come to another 

 discovery, this time in Southern Palestine, tending to throw 

 light on Old Testament history ; namely, Tel-el-Hessi — a 

 mound in Southern Palestine on the borders of Philistia, 

 taken in connection with another excavation in Tel-el- 

 Amarna (or Tel Berri Amran, according to Mr. Bliss) near the 

 banks of the Nile in Upper Egypt. 



* Thfef6 are much older inscriptions at Karnak belonging to the reign 

 of Tothnie^ HI (about b.c 1650). See Prof. Maspero On the names of the 

 list of TothV^^^ ^^^1 which may he assigned to Judcea. Journ. Vic. Inst. 

 Vol xxii (18§?)- 



t See Note^/by Colonel Conder-, Quarterly Statement, P.E.F., July 

 1893 p. 24.5. (v/olonel Conder, R.E., has added some observations tc 

 M. Maspero's Pap^^> generally contirniatory of his identification.) 



