274 MAJOR-GENHEAL TULLOCH, C.B., C.M.G., ON 



mortar. Now, it is a very curious and interesting fact that 

 the Pithom bricks are of three quaHties : in the lower courses 

 of these massive cellar walls they are mixed with chopped 

 straw ; higher up, where the straw may be supposed to have 

 run short, the clay is found to be mixed with reeds, doubtless 

 translated as ' stubble' in the Bible narrative : the bricks of 

 the uppermost courses consist of mere Nile mud with no 

 binding substance whatever. 



" The temple was dedicated to Turn, the patron deity of 

 the town and surrounding district. Now, as this place was 

 not only a store fort, but also a sanctuary, so also it had a 

 secular name and a sacred name. Its secular name proved 

 to be Thukut or Sukut, and its sacred name Pa Turn. These 

 particulars Ave learn from inscriptions found upon the spot. 

 For instance, engraved on a black granite statue of a 

 deceased prince and high priest named Aak, we find a 

 prayer in Avhich he implores 'all the priests who go into the 

 abode of Tum, the great god of Sukut,' to pronounce a certain 

 funerary formula for his benefit ; whilst a fi-agment of another 

 statue is inscribed with the names and titles of one Pames 

 Isis, who was an ' official of Tum of Sukut and Governor of 

 the storehouse.' In these two inscriptions (to say nothing, 

 of several others) three important facts are recorded, viz., 

 that the place was a storehouse, and that its sacred name 

 was Pa Tum, and its secular name, also the name of 

 the surrounding district, was Sukut. Both temple and 

 town were proved by inscriptions to have been founded 

 by Rameses II., the Pharaoh of the first chapter of the 

 Exodus. 



" Now Pa Tum of Sukut had been known to Egyptologists 

 for many years in certain geographical lists of temples and 

 local festivals sculptured on the walls of various temples in 

 Upper Egypt, and Dr. Brugsch had long ago identified these 

 names with Pithom or Succoth, but till M. Naville excavated 

 Tel-Mashkuta, Pithom of Succoth was but a name and a 

 theory." 



The preceding are extracts from Miss Edwards' book, 

 doubtless taken almost verbatim from M. Naville's account ; 

 they are given in full in order to show that, although the 

 site of Rameses is not yet found, unquestionably Succoth, 

 the second halting-place of the Israelites, was identified, and 

 from what has already been stated with reference to the 

 length of a day's journey, it could not have been more than 

 twenty miles from the crossing place, which, therefore, must 



