china's tlace in ancient history: a fragment. 127 



8. Carthage. 

 B.C. 



819-814. Carthage founded by Dido, a Tyrian princess. 

 650-480. Established colonies in Sicily, Sardinia, and Africa. 



Had become formidable at sea and on land. 

 546-533. Carthage declared a free republic ; formidable alike 



by land and sea. Contest with the Syracusans for Sicily. 

 509. First commercial treaty with Rome when the latter had 



become a republic. Carthage commerce extended to 



Balearic Isles, Egypt, Britain, and coast of Guinea. 

 480. The fleet defeated at Himera by the Greeks. 

 410. War renewed in Sicily. 

 348. A second commercial treaty with Rome. 

 310. Carthage invaded by Agathocles. 

 306. The aucient commercial treaty with Rome i-enewed for the 



second time. 

 281. Mercenai'ies revolt and take possession of Messina. 

 279. Carthage and Rome form a defensive alliance against 



Pyrrhus. 

 264-241. First war of Carthage against Rome. 

 264. Hiero concludes peace with Rome. 

 262. Carthaginians in Agrigentum besieged by the Romans. 



Roman ships built after Carthaginian models. 

 260. Roman fleet under Duilius defeated Carthaginians ofi 



Mylae. 

 258-255. Various other defeats of Carthaginians by the Romans, 



at sea and on land. In the latter year, the Carthaginian 



army commanded by Xanthippus of Sparta, routed the 



Roman forces under Regulus. 

 241. Sicily evacuated by the Carthaginians ; it becomes the first 



Roman province. 



9. India. 



1100. The Vedas arranged in their present form. 

 1000. Image worship by Hindoos began. The city of Canouj 

 built. 

 600. India tributary to Persia. 



559-480. The system of caste introduced among Hindoos. 

 558-478 (as also 623). Assigned era of Gautama Buddha. 

 512. Darius subdued the country of the Indus. India became 

 the 20th province of the Persian empire, with the Indus 

 as its frontier. 

 500. Menu's code originally arranged. 

 400. Delhi founded. 



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