HITTITE CITIES EYUK AND BOGHAZ KEOY. 2 
The next day, an hour before reaching Eyuk, we came to 
Kaloh Hissar, Castle Wall, a double peak rising 500 to 600 
feet above the plain, with a village of Circassian refugees 
from Russia at its foot. The peak has some of the crumbling 
masonry so common in Turkey, but at the summit we found 
something different. On the topmost of four steps, cut in 
the rock, once sat an idol, or a human figure nearly life- 
sized, the feet resting on the third step and cut from the 
same stone that formed the step. The feet are broken off at 
the ankles now, and the rest of the figure is gone. The toes 
of the shoes are round, not sharp pointed or up-turned 
according to the usual Hittite custom, but the Hittites did 
not carve all thew shoes with sharp up-turned points, and 
the conclusion seems natural that Kaloh Hissar also was a 
Hittite shrine in the times of the Old Testament. 
Eyuk, meaning in Turkish, “mound,” is built upon a low 
level mound, in which the villagers say strange stones are 
sometimes found when they dig for the foundations of 
dwellings. At one corner of the town the stones remain 
exposed that once formed a temple, wonderful not for its 
size or beauty, but for its age and the pecuhar character of 
the Hittite sculpture. Of the building nothing worthy the 
name is left save the outline of a room about 25 x 30 feet 
square. But the entrance is still guarded by two huge 
basalt stones some twelve feet high, the face of each of 
which is carved into the form of a sphinx, with fillet across 
the forehead, ear-rings, necklace, and wing-like attachments 
from the head to the sides of the body. There is a striking 
resemblance to the pictures that come from Egypt. On the 
inner wall of the sphinx at the right as one enters the 
temple, is a double-headed eagle with a hare in either talon, 
and a human figure above, almast or quite life-size, supported 
by a foot, resting on the double head of the eagle. On the 
left was a similar carving, now almost effaced. 
The entrance is approached by a double line of huge basalt 
stones forming a dromos, which presently turns a sharp angle 
to the right and left. Two processions approaching the 
temple are represented on these walls. They are a series 
of human figures cut in bas-relief on the face of the stones 
about three feet high. They are mostly clad in tunics 
reaching to the knees, with sometimes a loose cloak draped 
from the shoulders to the feet, skull-cap with a horn in front 
reminding one of the Egyptian ureeus, shoes (usually) turned 
up at the point, and the figures have large noses and large 
q 2 
