HITTITE CITIES EYUK AND BOGHAZ KEOY. 229 
three castles and three palaces. From the top of the wall to 
what was the bottom of the moat in places exceeds 150 feet 
in a straight line. These walls were built without mortar, 
the great rampart of earth being topped by a double-faced 
wall of large cut stones, the space between being packed 
with rubble. The outer upper edge of each cut stone has a 
little turned-up ledge, which prevents the stone laid upon it 
from slipping outward, while its fellows on either side and 
the rubble behind kept it from moving in those directions. 
The outer slope of the walls is in some places paved with 
flat stones, which both held the earth and would place 
invaders at the mercy of defenders. The principal palace 
was of the form of an Oriental inn, with a series of rooms 
about a large central court. Near by is an overturned chair 
or throne mounted upon and between two lions. 
Boghaz Keoy has but one inscription, Nishan Tash, a 
lettered stone face six feet by eighteen in size, but, sad 
to say, this is defaced beyond decipherment. We were 
fortunate however in securing some fragments of cuneiform 
tablets (Fig. 2) and seals, probably Hittite or Mycenean. One 
of these last had a figure 4 in the centre, surrounded by 
rope-work and with a loop at the back for passing a cord 
through. We found also a whorl of the sort found im such 
numbers by Dr. Schliemann at ‘Troy. 
One of the spots we found most interesting is an abrupt 
rock called “School Rock,” two slopes of which have been 
hewn into the shape of bowling floors. The larger, about 
18 by 30 feet, and as nearly semi-circular as the configura- 
tion of the rock permits, forms quite an auditorium. The 
rock faces are cut down eight feet, and decorated with 
striated lines, and the floor is a series of low broad tiers or 
stairs. At the focal point the rock has been drilled with 
several holes, where the platform of players or the bench of 
a judge might easily have been erected. The whole is a 
rough but distinct form of a theatre, and the query at once 
arose, Have we not here a copy of the original of that 
famous structure, the Greek theatre? If the Hittites of 
Cappadocia could make sphinxes like those of Egypt, 
correspond in cuneiform characters with the people of 
Mesopotamia, and amuse themselves with playthings of a 
kind more abundantly used at Troy, how natural for them 
to pass on to the Greeks anything of their own worth while 
copying, for the Greeks to improve upon? Here is a small 
rough assembly hall, within the walls of a capital and near 
