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PICTORIAL ART AMONG THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. 295 
of the most important groups, drawn around the curved 
wall referred to. The figures plainly distinguishable, at the 
time of my visit, in this part of the cave, consisted of two 
left and three nght hands; seven double tracks of a 
kangaroo, and six tracks of what appears to be a native 
dog’s foot. Probably the feet of dead animals were em- 
ployed in both instances. There is also the mark where 
some object has been cut out by some white visitor—most 
likely a hand. To the left of the kangaroo tracks—between 
these tracks and where the object has been cut out—and 
also above the dog’s tracks, several paintings of hands have 
become too indistinct to copy. 
This cave faces N. 35° E., and is about 150 feet above the 
flat ground to the south of it. It would have formed a very 
comfortable camping place in the winter time, when water 
could have been obtained in the small gullies running out 
of the hills close by. All the drawings have been executed 
in the red stencil method. 
Cave 4.—This rock-shelter is situated in a high escarp- 
ment of Hawkesbury sandstone about 5 chains on the 
eastern side of the old Bulga road, and about a mile north- 
easterly from Portion No. 4, of 21 acres 2 roods 16 perches, 
in the parish of Milbrodale, county of Northumberland. It 
is 37 feet long, 17 feet deep, and 12 feet high, and faces 
N. 70° E. The floor contains hearth rubbish, and the roof 
is begrimed with smoke, indicative of the place having been 
used for residential purposes. Water is obtainable in Bulgar 
Creek, about a quarter of a mile distant. 
At the present time there is but one right hand, done in 
white stencil, in this cave. There is a human figure and 
parts of two others outlined in black, and shaded in the 
same colour. There are three representations of snakes 
drawn in the same manner; also two objects, one on the 
right and the other on the left of the plate, probably 
intended to represent native weapons. What appears to 
be intended for a human head and shoulders is drawn in 
black outline, filled in with lines of red and black mixed 
indiscriminately. Towards the left is shown a pick-shaped 
object, similar to the one represented in Cave 1, outlined in 
black, and shaded with the same colour. There is also a 
native shield outlined and shaded in red, with a median bar 
down the centre. Crossing the lower end of the last named 
is a drawing in black, the meaning of which is not very 
obvious. Besides the foregoing there are three groups of 
