TIME DIVISIONS OF THE 1CE AGE. 417 
ture, it seems to me, must have been lower in consequence of the 
extra nearness of the ice, and therefore the same plants and 
animals could not have existed there as in later days. One hardly 
likes to regard the temperature of the country as having been, 
sach a short time ago, different from what it is now, and therefore 
one has to receive a statement of this kind with, I should say, a 
certain amount of caution. 
I desire, as I am sure we all do, to return a very hearty vote of 
thanks to the author of the paper, which is exceedingly interesting, 
and to Professors Hull and Logan Lobley, who have added such 
important comments upon it. 
Rev. Joun TuckweLu.—May I say with regard to that point that 
has just been raised, that in Professor Tyndall’s volume, published 
some years ago on Heat and Motion, he makes reference to the 
Glacial period, and says the enormous accumulation of ice and 
snow in the northern regions would point toa very high temperature 
with an enormous amount of evaporation in some other parts of 
the world, otherwise we could not have the enormous accumulations 
of ice and snow in the northern regions. If so, that might, it 
seems to me, to some extent meet the difficulty which the Chairman 
referred to that there must have been as high a temperature in 
Babylonia as exists now. There are references on many of the 
Babylonian and Assyrian tablets to various forms of grain which 
may indicate what the temperature was, and would point to a 
temperature similar to that which it is now. 
I notice in the paper that the author speaks of this—that there 
seems to be a break somewhere between the Paleolithic and 
the Neolithic periods. I should have liked to call attention 
to the fact that Professor Prestwich, in a paper he read here 
some years ago, referred to the deluge and to the extinction of a 
large number of those animals mentioned here, as if their 
extinction were occasioned, in some way, by a deluge,* and it 
may have occurred to the author that the enormous number of 
mammoths buried in Siberia must have lost their lives very 
suddenly and by a very sudden and excessive fall of temperature. 
They were, apparently, buried alive under many feet of ice, and 
have continued in such a condition to the present day that their 
flesh remains as sound as when they died, which would point to a 
* Journ. Trans. Vict. Inst., vol. xxvii, p. 263 (1893-4). 
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