4,26 PROF. J, LOGAN LOBLEY, F.G.S., F.R.G.S., ON 
Biscay there are the Jong ranges of the Cantabrian 
mountains, which would also with the elevation supposed 
be the gathermg grounds for, and the source of, innumerable 
glaciers. The erosive action consequent upon the continuous 
descent of glacial ice from these mountains would be very 
great also, and would consequently have a most destructive 
effect upon the northern coast of the Iberian‘ peninsula, 
which would rapidly recede along its whole length, and in 
complete accordance with what would be the result of such 
action is the narrowness of the submerged Continental 
Platform along the north coast of Spain. 
It will be obvious, from the considerations now briefly 
stated, that with the land of south-west Europe elevated 
above its present levels to a sufficient extent to place the 
bottom of the Fosse de Cap Breton above sea-level, enormous 
destructive action would be going on at the south part of 
the west coast of France and along the whole northern 
coast of Spain. In addition there would be the great 
glaciers from the south side of the western end of the 
Pyrenees cutting back the shore-line with very great 
erosive power at the angle formed by these two lines of 
coast. 
Such powerful ard simultaneous coast-destroying processes 
would have for their necessary result the formation of a great 
and deep bay in the very place where is now the more 
western and the deeper and wider part of the Fosse de Cap 
Breton. It must also be borne in mind that this bay- 
formative process would be going on throughout the whole 
of the vast period of the uprise, and only culminating in 
power at the time of the maximum elevation. 
After the subsequent subsidence of the land areas had 
commenced and the lower levels had reached warmer zones 
of the atmosphere, the glacial ice would melt, at first on the 
land near the sea, and then farther and farther away from 
the coast, and with continued subsidence rivers would take 
the place of the former ice-sheet. These rivers would have 
great volume and great momentum, for they would be the 
only discharge for the vast accumulations of snow on the 
vet large areas above the snow-line as well as for the 
winter snows and the rains on the areas below the snow- 
line. 
An examination of the hydrographical or drainage areas 
of the Garonne and the Adour shows that there is no 
marked physical division between them, the land between 
