cooi-Eu] BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TRIBES OF TIERRA DEL FUEGO 9 



lived among the Yahgans (Hyades, b, 1344; q, 13, 224, 411-412). 

 Much if not most of Mr. Bridges' information about the Alacaluf was 

 gathered during ''une longue tournee" (Hyades, q, 12) of a week 

 (Barclay, a, 66) or several weeks (Dabbene, h, 213) in their territory 

 in 1886, but how far west he reached is not stated. Nor is there, so 

 far as the present writer can discover, any record of Mr. Whaits 

 having made extensive journeys into Alacaluf an territory. 



All the above-mentioned authorities had had much experience 

 among the Yahgans, but it is not clear that their statements, except- 

 ing perhaps Mi*. Bridges', about the natives of the western and 

 northern Magellanic region rest on sufficient personal investigation. 



There remains to be discussed Admiral Fitz-Roy's division. Nei- 

 ther he nor his chief informant, Capt. Low, spoke any of the native 

 languages. Admiral Fitz-Roy gathered his vocabidary by signs 

 mainly, while Capt. Low, though intimately familiar with the 

 "Chonos," had likewise to use the sign method in communicating 

 with his captive Chono boy Bob (Fitz-Roy, a, 188-189, 129, 182, 193). 

 The ''Chono" vocabulary of three words (Fitz-Roy, h, 142) will be 

 touched on later. It throws no light on our question. Moreover, Ad- 

 miral Fitz-Roy was almost certainly mistaken in ascribing (a, 132) 

 distinct languages to his Pecherays, Huemuls, and Alikhoolip, as more 

 recent linguistic evidence shows. Can we then accept as convincing 

 his linguistic distinction between these thi'ee tribes and the ''Chonos," 

 or between the Pecherays and Huemuls on the one hand and the 

 Alikhoolip on the other ? Nor finally can the hostility between the 

 natives of the northern and southern shores of the western end of the 

 strait (Fitz-Roy, a, 189) be taken as in itscK a proof of tribal or 

 linguistic distinction. 



We may now pass to the chief of the more recent authorities. Dr. 

 Dabbene (h, 207-208) and Prof. Chamberlain (a, 89-90) follow Mr. 

 Bridges' division as cited by Dr. Hyades. Neither adduces any new 

 evidence. Prof. Giglioli (b, 242) holds that the Alacaluf extend from 

 Port Famine to the Gulf of Peiias. The Chilean and Argentinian 

 anthropologists and naval officers as a rule consider the West Pata- 

 gonian Channel natives as Alacaluf an (Lehmann-Nitsche, d, 220; 

 C. Martin, d, 365; Morales, 62; Pacheco, a, 53-54; b, 26; Porter, a, 

 525), while according to Dr. Latcham (279) the Alacaluf formerly 

 reached probably to Chiloe. A similar opinion is also quoted by 

 Dr. Medina (a, 111) from the Rejistro de la marina de la Republica de 

 Chile, 1848, page 44. A recent visitor to the Patagonian Channels 

 reports being told by the pilot of the vessel that the same tongue is 

 spoken from Cape Froward to the Gulf of Peiias (Wdda, iii, 272) . 



According to the Salesian missionaries (Cojazzi, 15, 123; Beauvoir, 

 6, 14; Whiteside, 19-20), the Alacaluf occupy both shores of the 

 Strait, Ultima Speranza Inlet, and the Queen Adelaide and S. Madre 



