roopER] BIBLIOGRAPHY OP TRIBES OF TIERRA DEL FUEGO 31 



van in 1612-13 (Lozano, ii, 456, 560-561) sj^eak of the nativ(>s of the 

 Guaitecas Islands and vicinity as Chonos. The Indians encountered 

 by the 1641 expedition were nicknamed by the whites "Gabiotas" 

 ( = guUs), in Araucanian, caucaus (Resales, a, vol. i, 106, 310). 

 Father Ponce de Leon in 1644 (5; in Medina, c, i, 423) used the name 

 Chonos to denote the natives beyond Guafo to the Strait of Magellan. 



Father Del Teciio in 1673 (159-160) divides the southern archi- 

 pelagos between the Chuni ( = Latinized Chonos) of the Guaitecas 

 Islands and the islands eastward to the mainland, and the Huillis 

 farther south. Father Rosales in 1674 seems to use the term Chonos 

 for aU those southern canoe-using Indians (a, vol. i, 293, 305; h, in 

 Medina, a, 103, 162), except the "Gabiotas" or Caucaus mentioned 

 above {a, vol. i, 105-106). 



Bartolome GaUardo in 1675 (527, 531) speaks of the Caucagiies 

 and Caucanes of the southern islands of the Chilean coast. De Vea 

 in 1676 appears to draw a distinction (573-578) between the Chonos 

 and the linguistically distinct natives south of the Gulf of Penas whom 

 he calls Caucagues. 



Frezier in 1712-13 was told (Amsterdam ed., 1717, i, 147-148; de 

 Brosses, ii, 211-212) by Dom Pedro Molma and others that the 

 southern territory was inhabited by the Chonos and the gigantic 

 Caucahues. Father Pietas in 1729 (Gay, Doc, i, 503-504) places the 

 pale C'honos on the shores of the Gulf of Guaitecas and the seacoast 

 and "qucbradas"(= ravines = fjords?) of the Cordillera, and the 

 gigantic Caucahues between the Cordillera and the Evangelistas Is- 

 lands, while near Lake Naguelhuapi lived the Pouyas (ibid., 501). 

 Father Olivares in 1736 {Col. hist. Chile, vii, 5, 372, 509 et al.) 

 ascribes to the Chonos and other nations the islands beyond Chiloe, 

 and refers likewise to the Poyas of the Naguelhuapi region. 



Byron's guide in 1742 was a cacique among ''the Chonos, who live 

 in the neighbourhood of Chiloe" (a, 103; Fitz-Roy, h, 126; cf., also, 

 A. Campbell, 52-53). Alex. Camp])ell (60; in Prevost, xv, 388), also 

 of the crew of the wrecked Wager, distinguishes between the Pete- 

 gonens, Chonas, and Coucous, his own party having had contact 

 chiefly with the Coucous. Father Lozano in 1754-55 foUows Father 

 Del Techo's (and Goicueta's) division, although he is silent regarding 

 the Huillis in the latter part of his account, which is based directly 

 on missionaries' reports (ii, 33-34, 454, 558-561). 



An attempt at a more detailed and exact classification is made by 

 Father Garcia in 1766-67. According to his Diario (3-4, 9, 22-26) 

 the Caucahues come from as far south as the Guaianecos Islands. 

 Immediately south of them were the Calens, who frequented the 

 Guaianecos, Messier Channel, and the mainland coast between 48° 

 and 49° (32), and the Tayatafar or Taijatafes apparently of the 

 Wellington Island and F'allos Channel region between 48° and 49° 



