42 BUBEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 03 



Tlic natives who frequented tlie Guaianecos Islands were of medium 

 or low stature, as we know from the sixteenth century account of 

 Ladrillero (464, "de mediano cuerpo"; cf. also 484, and Goicueta, 

 505) and the eighteenth century accounts of Bwon (a, 33, ''small 

 stature"; cf. also 144), Alex. Campbell (20) and Bulkeley and Cum- 

 mins (anon, ed., 18, 28, other 1743 ed., 37, low stature; ditto in 

 Affecting Narrative ... 30). They had swarthy skin and long coarse 

 black hah' hanging over their faces (Byron, a, 33; A. Campbell, 20; 

 cf. also DelTecho, 160). 



The men met by Lachillero in the Conception Strait region had 

 beards (473), as had also the "Gabiotas" (Rosales, a, vol. i, 105). 

 Bearded men are not reported by other expeditions to southern Chil- 

 ean waters. The Alacaluf and Yahgans are usually unbearded, but 

 there are exceptions (cf. Subject Bibliography, p. 182). 



Father Del Techo's quasi-verbatim report (160) of the replies made 

 by Delco the Chono ''cacique" of the Guaitecas Islands to the ques- 

 tions of the missionaries, Fathere Venegas and Ferrufino, contains 

 the following statement: "A ^reat many of our people have red hair 

 and an olive complexion" [plurimi capiUo rufi, oris colore oleastri]. 

 This statement regarding the occurrence of red-haired individuals 

 among the Chonos is not confirmed by any later sources. The 

 Fuegians' hair is nearly always black; but among both the Yahgans 

 and Alacaluf some cases of chestnut-colored (Bove, a, 790; h, 134; 

 df Arch., 290), "chatain fonce" (Hyades, q, 160-161), and "briiun- 

 lich schwarz" (Skottsberg, h, 256; cf. also 252) hair occur. Ac- 

 cording to Dr. R. Martin (&, 208) Fuegian hair sometimes has a light 

 brownish tone, while the Rev. Mr. Bridges stated that Yahgan hair 

 shows "many shades of black, many having a reddish yellow tinge" 

 {d, 289). The "capiUo rufi "should probably be understood to refer 

 to reddish-tinged hair. 



According to Father Pietas (Gay, Doc, i, 503; cf. also Lozano, ii, 

 454) the Chonos were a hght-skinned people, while Father Rosales 

 not only describes the "Gabiotas" as somewhat white-skinned {a, 

 vol. I, 105), but states that "los chonos eran comunmente blancos i 

 rubios" Q), in Medina, a, 103) and that the Chonos were "blancos 

 y de buenas facciones" -{a, vol. i, 293). It is possible, however, that 

 the observers on whom Father Rosales rehed had mistaken body 

 paint for skin color; white and red body and face painting was a 

 common practice among the natives south of Chiloe (Garcia, a, 28, 31 ; 

 Goicueta, 505). The natives who came to visit the shipwrecked crew 

 of the Wager at the Guaianecos Islands were swarthy skinned (Byron, 

 a, 33; A. Campbell, 20; cf. also Del Techo, 160). As in stature so 

 in skin color there appears to have been considerable variati(m among 

 the Chonos just as among the Yahgans. "Not a few" of the latter, 

 the Rev. Mr. Bridges noted id, 288), "have a decided roiige on their 



