cooper] bibliography OF TRIBES OF TIERRA DEL.FUEGO 159 



A curious Yahgan blood-revenge ceremony is described by the Rev, 

 Mr. Bridges (5, Jan. 1, 1875, 13-14).^ 



In general it would seem that the Fuegian peoples are not ultra- 

 superstitious. ''Superstitions" exist, but apparently in moderate 

 number only. One gets the impression that there is quite a consid- 

 erable field of religious and quasi-religious culture among these secre- 

 tive primitives that has been thus far very inadequately investigated. 



Fuegian magic reaches its chief development in the realm of medi- 

 cine (see infra). A few beliefs are, however, independent of curative 

 methods. It is not easy, owing to the meagerness of our information, 

 to distinguish clearly what may be magic from what may be mere 

 secular practical science or religion proper. 



Beliefs in mana, orenda, etc., are, as far as our evidence goes, quite 

 wanting among the Fuegians. 



The fear that an enemy may do them harm by getting possession 

 of a bit of their hair was common to both theChonos (Garcia, a, 29-30) 

 and the Fuegians (Beauvoir, 6, 206; Cojazzi, 70-71 ; Dabbene, h, 204; 

 Fitz-Roy, a, 138; King, 53, 313-314). The Yahgans, however, met 

 in New Year Sound by Weddell (177) and at St. Martin's Cove by Ross 

 (ii, 307) made no objection to having their hair clipped off, and 

 Capt. Martial states (188) of the Yahgans: "lis ne font aucune diffi- 

 culte pour laisser couper leurs cheveux." The Onas of the south, 

 probably Manekenkn, threw fmger-nail parings into the fire (Lista, 

 l, 128)." 



MEDICINE AND MEDICINE-MEN 



Sources 



(a) Alacalup. — Bougainville,* 2d ed., i, 297-303; Vargas Ponre, b, 28. 

 (6) Chonos.- — Garcia,* a, 37. 



(c) Yahgans.— Benignus, 240; Bove,* a, 79&-796; b, 138-139; c, 130-132; d, Arch., 

 294; e, 158; Th. Bridges, b, Mar. 1, 1873, 30; Jan. 1, 1875, 12; i,*in Hyades, q, 256-257; 

 jfc,* 237-238; Coriat, 205; Despard,* b, 717, 698; Hyades, p, 333; q* 235-236, 256-257; 

 Martial,* 205-206; Spegazzini, a, 13. 



(d) Onas.— Andersson, 387; Barclay, a, 70; Beauvoir, b, 164-166, 208-209; Be- 

 nignus, 233; Cojazzi,* 07-72; Dabbene, b, 259-260; Furlong, d, 225-226; i, 12; C. Gal- 

 lardo,* 292-.304; Holmberg, a, 59; Lista,* b, 130, probably Manekenkn; O. Nor- 

 denskjold, /*, Tour du monde, 38. 



(e) Fuegians.— Darwin, a, 1871 ed., 214-215; Fitz-Roy, a, 178-179, 186. 



Based on foregoing: Dabbene, a, 63-64; b* 193; Outes, d, 139; Canas P., 361-362. 



The Onas, according to Dr. Holmberg {a, 59) and Mr. Barclay 

 {a, 72), and the Alacaluf, according to Vargas Ponce (6, 28), use cer- 



1 A few other notes on Fuegian quasi-religious customs may be found in Bougainville (2d ed., i, 294); 

 Bove (a, 800-801; 6, 142-143; c, 135; d, Arch., 297-298; e, 159), Th. Bridges (a, Fr. tr., 181-182; e, 332), Dab- 

 bene (6, 204, 269), Duclos-Guyot (6, 673), Fitz-Roy (a, 181, 191), Lovlsato (6, 149-150), and Marcel (c, 110- 

 111: o, 49.5-496). 



