178 BUREAU or AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY fRFLL. r,3 



Onas). Byi'on's "Chono cacique" (a, 103) was perhaps a Chilotan. 

 Delco, the Giiaitecas Ishmdor, is called a "cacique" by Father 

 Lozano (ii, 454, 456, 558-560; cf. also Del Techo, 159-160; Olivares, 

 377), but whether he had any real authority beyond the paternal is 

 not so clear. 



The older men and the wizards wield a certain undefined influence 

 or authority over the people. The only fixed authority is that of the 

 man over his family; this authority is in theory at least, if not always 

 in practice, an absolute one. 



No distinct clan organization within the tribe exists, although cer- 

 tain groups of natives related apparently by blood and marriage 

 occupy more or less fixed localities (Tli. Bridges, h, Oct. 1, 1884, 224, 

 for Yahgans; Furlong, d, 220-221 for Onas; cf. also Morales, 62, for 

 Alacaluf). There are no secret societies, unless one consider the 

 initiated boys and men to compose such. 



No social inequalities are recognized, neither slavery nor an 

 aristocracy being found. Father Del Techo, however, states (160; 

 cf. also Lozano, ii, 34) that the Guaitecas Islanders captured and 

 kept as slaves their southern neighbors, the ''Huillis." In the Ona 

 council house each man sits under a special log (Furlong, K) . 



No legal code exists; recognized tribal laws are sanctioned by 

 revenge customs, carried out by the mjured party or his relatives and 

 friends, and supported by a strong public opinion. 



The intertribal relations of the Chonos and three Fuegian tribes 

 are treated in the Introduction, and supra under Feuds. 



ECONOMIC CULTURE 



Sources 



(a) Alacaluf. — King, 76-77; Morales, 62. 



(6) Chonos. — Beranger, 13. 



(c) Yahgans.— Th. Bridges, a* Fr. tr., 179; b, Dec. 1, 1875, 218; Mar. 1, 1S76, 57, 

 c, 114; Despard, h, 716; Hyades, p* 334-335; q* 243; Martial, 196, 201; Weddoll, 153, 

 168, 175. 



{(l) Onas.— Cojazzi,* 63-64; Fr. Cook, b, 729; Dabbene, h, 255; Furlong, d* 220- 

 221; h; C. Gallardo,* 251-252, 291; Popper, a, 106-107. 



Based on the foregoing: Dabbene, b, 194, 198; Somlo,* 83-90. 



Proprietorship 



Capt. Weddell was of the opinion (168, 175) that communism pre- 

 vailed among the Fuegians, Such, however, is not the case. 



Wliile all the Fuegians are nomads, yet a Yahgan, for instance, is 

 chary of poaching on Alacaluf an or Onan territory (Spegazzini, a, 12). 

 Even within recognized tribal territory the existence of more or less 

 definitely marked off family hunting grounds is attested explicitly 

 for the Onas by Prof. Furlong (d, 220-221; k; r, 185-186) and Dr. 

 Dabbene («, 71 ; h, 255), and implicitly by Dr. Gallardo (307-308; cf. 

 also 120). A similar land division would seem probably to obtain 



