42 MAJOR C. R. CONDER, D.C.L., R.E., 
from kur, “ mountain,’ which occurs in Akkadian and is 
widely spread, and tama (see No. 286). 
These are only selections showing how the names in Northern 
Syria, which yield no meaning as Semitic words, may be 
analysed by aid of ancient and modern Turkic languages. I 
may remark in passing that the same key often unlocks the 
old classic nomenclature of Asia Minor, when not translatable 
by aid of Greek. Thus the “ speech of Lycaonia,” mentioned 
by St. Paul, was probably only a dialect of the same language 
spoken by the Hittites. . 
From these geographical lists we recover, I believe, the 
following Hittite words :— 
Pil or Pat, “hill.” 
Ai, “mound” or “ house.’” 
Ban, “ shrine.” 
Tur, “ camp.” 
Ab, “ house, “ abode.”’ 
Zakar, ‘‘ monument.”” 
Khar, “ high.” 
Kar, “ fortress.” 
Aun, “ city.” 
Aul or Aur, “town” or 
ce camp.” 
Kur, ‘‘ mountain.” 
Tat, “ mountain.”’ 
Nat, “ mountain.” ? 
Ma, “ earth,” “ home.” 
Ata, “ chief” or “ father.” 
Khat, ‘ Hittite.” 
Nir, “ ruler.” 
Sak, “top,” “head.” § 
Su, “stream.” 
Akar, ‘‘ field.’ || 
Nap, “sun,” “ god.” 
Kat, “ house,” “ place.” ? J 
Ari, “ river.” 
Buk, “shrine” or “fort.” 
Tuk, “building,” 
Tar, “river” or “ valley.” 
Tep, ‘ hill.”* 
Khal, “‘ town”? (or “ great”) 
Gan, “ enclosure.” 
Nin, ‘‘chief”’ (or “ lady.”) 
Ser, “ height.” 
Tama, ‘ building.” 
Shar, ‘‘ wood.” 
Mur, “town.” T 
Ta, “height.” 
Pap, “ father.” 
Ler or Lel, “ chief.’ t 
Kep, ? “hill.” 
Suk, “swamp.” 
Shaua, “ stream.” ? 
Ret ( ? Lat) hill” ? 
Bu?, “lake,” “pool”? (or 
“hich.”’) 
Bet, *‘ fortress.” 
Tsen ? ‘* plain,” “ desert.” 
* No. 187, Tep-kenna, “hill enclosed.” 
+ In Mongolian we have muren, “ river,” probably the Turkic ur, “to 
flow,” Khitan muru. 
t Akkadian lala (‘dominaieur,” Lenormant), Hunnic Juli, still used 
in India fora village chief. The Etruscan lar, ‘‘ chief.” 
§ In No. 156, Amarsaki (“round top”). 
|| No. 264, Akar-Shaua. Akkadian and Etruscan Aker. 
J In No. 249, Katasha. 
Medic Kat, “place.” 
The word is also 
Aryan for cot, cottage, &c., unless this be Semitic (for Kadesh). 
