66 MAJOR C. RB. CONDER, D.C.L., R.E., 
The AvutHor.—There are one or two words I would add that have 
occurred to me since I wrote this paper. It has been devoted to the 
sons of Ham, with some reference, also, to the small group of 
Semitic people,—the sons of Shem; but the Bible speaks of a third 
race, viz., that of Japheth. Now, I believe, that the 10th chapter 
of Genesis will be found, both from a geographical and also from an 
ethnological point of view, to be fully supported by our monu- 
mental discoveries. The Semitic races are known to have lived in 
Palestine and Arabia, and the Hamitic races are known, from the 10th 
chapter of Genesis, to have lived from an early date in Palestine, 
and the third race (Japheth) occupied Asia Minor. These people 
were, apparently, a fair race, for itis known that “Japheth” means 
bright, light, or fair. Now, it is known from the monuments of 
Lake Van, from the oldest monuments of the 9th century B.C., 
that there was an early race, probably Aryan (speaking a language 
of a type entirely different from that of the Semitic languages, or 
of those that we have been considering to-night), which occupied 
nearly the whole of Asia Minor and gradually displaced the old 
population. They spoke an inflectional language, a dialect akin, 
nerhaps, to Armenian. Therefore, in these groups we have, I 
believe, monumental remains of the three branches of Shem, Ham, 
and Japheth; but though these groups of language are so entirely 
distinct, it is gradually becoming known that they all may prove 
finally to have a common origin. Within the last two years 
Dr. Isaac Taylor has discovered the identity of the Aryan and Tu- 
ranian roots,—the Aryan languages being about 40 and the West — 
Turanian languages 100. Against these there are only eight Semitic 
languages. Though at the present time no connexion has been 
traced between the Semitic languages and the other two families, it 
is undoubted that the Semitic type is an Asiatic type, and I believe 
in process of time the origin of these three groups of language will 
be reduced to one common language, and the three very dis- 
tinct species of race which we call in Biblical terms Shem, 
Ham, and Japheth, will be reduced to a common ancestor. I 
believe that to be a pure result of science without any reference 
to the opinions or beliefs of those who have studied the subject 
(applause). 
The CuHarrMan (Rev. Preb. Robinson Thornton, D.D., V.P.).—I 
am sure we must all feel indebted to Major Conder for his very 
