244 



THE EEY. J. MAGENS MELLO^ M.A., F.G.S., ETC., 



mammoths, whilst in France the i-liinoceros had disappeared. 

 Man had then improved in skill, and had very carefully made 

 flint implements and of many kinds, scrapers, lance or arrow- 

 heads, delicately chipped on both faces ; and towards the 

 close of this stag;e appeared the first implements of bone. 

 These Avere the characteristic forms of M. de IMortillet's last 

 stage, the Magdalenien, Avhen not only were such implements 

 abundant, but were frequently sculptured ; and engraved 

 bones Avere also produced. The climate of this stage was 

 cold, and reindeer were present in great numbers, but the 

 mammoth had disappeared from Trance. This classification 

 will not, however, as I have observed, altogether hold good 

 as regards this country, as in our caves we have found botli 

 the mammoth and rhinoceros, as well as the southern 

 hysenas and lions, &c., in conjunction with Magdalenien as 

 well as Solutreen art. 1 slioidd incline for ourselves to a 

 classification approaching the more ffenerai one of M. 



Cartailhac, given in his La France prehistorique, which is as 

 follows : — 



Geological 

 Divisions. 



/'Upper., 



Pleistocene 



or 

 Quaternarj- 



1, Lower., 



Physical 

 Phenomena. 



) Cavern period 

 / Extension 

 (, ciers 



riod / 

 of Gla- f 



("Mild and damp ' 

 < Extension of allu- 

 C vial deposits 



Fauna. 



Glutton 

 Slammoth 

 Rbin. tlchorhinus 

 Reindeer 



Htii'se 



Hysena 



Lion 



Bears 



Bison 



Hippopotamus 

 Elephas antiquus 

 Ptliinoceros leptor- 



hinus 

 Macliairodus... 



fMagdalenien. 

 Solutreen. 



Palaeo- J Mousterien. 

 liihic 1 



S. AcheuI6pn 

 or Chelleen. 



Turning oiu' attention now a little more closely to the 

 implements of man, we notice that the earliest are of a very 

 rudimentary character ; they are met Avith in such river gravels 

 and other alluvial deposits as occur along the course of the 

 Thames and the Ouse in this country, or the Somme in France, 

 and types of a yet earlier date are found in the high-level 

 drifts over the South of England ; the chalk plateau of Kent 

 has yielded a remarkable series to Mr. B. Harrison which 

 have been described by Professor Prestwich who has also 

 figured many of them in his papers. These, together with 

 some in the lowest deposits of certain cave floors, are so 

 rudely made that it requires a trained eye to recognise in 



