ON THE REALITY OF THE SELF. 219 
But these are but spots in the sun. The rest of Mr. Courtney’s 
paper seems to me unanswerably to demonstrate the existence of 
an order of being beyond the material world. 
Mr. JosernH JonHn Murpuy writes :— 
In regard to Dr. Courtney’s Paper there are but two subjects on 
which I wish to offer a few remarks. 
The reality of the self is not a question. Self is constituted 
by the consciousness of self. The fact we have to do with, is 
a self which is conscious of itself as having thoughts, and 
of being related to the past in memory and to the future 
in expectation. 
Much however may be said on the way in which this self- 
conscious self has been developed out of the germ of sensation, 
and on the nature of the relation in which it stands to the world 
of matter which surrounds it. This latter is identical with the 
world-old question of the relation between mind and body. 
On this latter subject Dr. Courtney says, ‘‘The mind and 
brain stand to one another, Lewes and Bain tell us, as convex 
and concave sides of the same arc. The two aspects are of one 
identical thing. Viewed from one position the are is concave, 
from another it is convex; and so, viewed from different stand- 
points, the same phenomenon is now a material motion, and now 
a conscious process of the mind. We ought to speak of a double- 
faced unity showing itself both as mental and as corporeal. This 
is plausible at all events.” I quote this in order to point out that, 
even if itis accepted as perfectly true so faras it goes, it is scarcely 
an appropriate illustration, and appears to me to throw no light on 
the question. To such intellects as ours, the convex and concave 
sides of an arc imply each other and suggest each other, and the 
properties of the one side are deducible from those of the other. 
But to such intellects as ours, motion and thought do not suggest 
each other, and the properties of the one are not deducible from 
those of the other. In other words, the convex and the concave 
sides of an arc belong to the same sphere of thought and the 
same order of being: motion and thought, whether or not they 
belong to the same order of being, certainly do not when con- 
sidered objectively, belong to the same sphere of thought. 
REpLy 
