228 SURG.-GEN. C. A. GORDON, M.D., C.B., ETC., ON 
production of all things, but only as the manifestation of 
that which exists externally in the one universal Being. 
According to another section of philosophers, “there is 
neither creation nor dissolution; the world has ever existed 
in the same visible form it now exhibits.” 
In the legendary account of man’s creation contained in the 
sacred writings of the Hindoos, there is much that is poetical 
and beautiful. For example :—* Brahm,” otherwise the 
supreme divinity, otherwise “God, seeing the earth in full 
bloom, and that vegetation was strong, from its seeds, called 
forth for the first time Jntellect, which he endowed with 
various organs and shapes to form a diversity of animals 
upon the earth. He endowed the animals with five senses, 
namely, feeling, seeing, smelling, tasting, and hearing. But 
to man he gave reflection, to raise him above the beasts of 
the field. The creatures were created male and female.” 
Various creative acts by Brahma, the first of the human race, 
are subsequently related.* 
“The superiority of man” over animals, it is added, 
“consists in the finer organisation of his parts, from which 
proceed reason, reflection, and memory, which the brutes 
only possess in an inferior degree on account of their less 
refined organs.”’t 
According to the doctrine held by the sect of Sankhya,t 
“Every animal, from the highest of the species down to 
the meanest insect, has existed from all eternity, and will 
continue to do so, though it may undergo changes from a 
higher to a lower rank, or from a lower to a higher.”§ What 
is this but the doctrine of Evolution, alternating with that of 
Devolution ? 
Only a very few of the theories expressed by Gotama on 
certain points relating to physiology can here be touched 
* Dow’s History of Hindostan, vol. i, pp. xlii et seq. 
+ Ibid., p. ix. 
t According to Craufurd, Buddha was born s.c. 1364. He was the 
son of a Rajah of Magatha or Behar. The name Buddha corresponds 
with one of the titles given to the Hindoo deity which corresponds with 
the god Mercury (namely Budh), vol. i, p. 266. 
§ In the Mahabharata it is related of Yudishthira, that heing asked by 
Indra to enter heaven “ wearing his body of flesh,” he refused unless his 
faithful dog might bear him company, “ notwithstanding that Draupadi 
and his friends were there already.” Also, that “ Jatayus, the king of 
the vultures, and son of Vishnu’s bird Garuda, having been killed by 
Ravana, his soul arose from his dead body, and by four celestial 
messengers was carried to Vaikuntha, the heaven of Vishnu.” Arts of 
India, by Sir G. Birdwood, vol. i, pp. 22—29. 
