ADMINISTRATIVE KEPORT 9 



13 manuscripts during previous years, has been unified under 

 chapter headings and retyped for pubUcation. Interesting 

 features of these songs are the prominence of the tetrachord 

 and the large number of songs with a compass of three or 

 four tones. 



In July and August, 1929, a field trip was made to the 

 Menominee and Winnebago in Wisconsin, the former tribe 

 receiving the more consideration. This was the third visit 

 to the Menominee and work was done at Keshena, Neopit, 

 and Zoar. In June, 1930, another trip was made to the 

 Winnebago in Wisconsin, this being the fourth visit to that 

 tribe. Songs were recorded in the vicinity of Tomah and 

 also near Wisconsin Rapids. One of the singers at the 

 former locality was Paul Decora, whose home is in Nebraska. 

 Fourteen songs were recorded by this singer and found to 

 contain the same changes of pitch which marked the perform- 

 ance of the Acoma singer. In some songs the pitch was 

 steadily maintained, while in others it was gradually raised 

 or lowered a semitone during the first rendition, the remainder 

 of the performance being on the new pitch. 



John Smoke is an industrious Winnebago farmer, who 

 retains a "water-spirit bundle" inherited from his ancestors 

 and uses it in a ceremonial manner. He allowed Miss Dens- 

 more to see this bundle, explained its use and benefits, and 

 recorded two of its songs which are sung when its contents 

 are exposed to view. A Winnebago flute player known as 

 Frisk Cloud recorded three melodies on a flute made of metal 

 pipe, and said "the love songs are words put to flute melodies." 

 He is also a maker of flutes and described the measurements 

 of an instrument in terms of hand and finger widths and hand 

 spreads. Miss Densmore purchased the instrument on 

 which the melodies had been played. 



Winnebago songs and another flute performance were 

 recorded by George Monegar, a blind man living near 

 Wisconsin Rapids, who is considered one of the best author- 

 ities on old customs. He also related the legend of the origin 

 of the flute. 



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