28 THE ACOMA INDIANS 



priate words. This act won for him the i-egard of the Acomas. 

 Father Ramirez is said to have buUt the imssion church at Acoma.'^ 



The next incident of consequence at Acoma is the revolt of 1680, 

 a general uprising of all the pueblos in which all the Spaniards in 

 the pueblo area were either killed or driven out. Fray Luis Maldo- 

 nado (and possil)ly two others) were lulled at Aconia.'^ 



During the reconquest of the coimtry by Don Diego de Vargas, 

 Acoma was visited by this general in November, 169.3. The Acomas 

 were ready to fight, })ut De Vargas persuaded them to yield, and on 

 November 4 he entered the pueblo with his priests and some soldiers, 

 where ceremonies of submission were ])erformed. Eighty-seven 

 children were baptized at this time." 



On the 4tli of June, 1696, Taos, Picmis, Santo Domingo, Cochiti, 

 and Jemez revolted and killed five missionaries and 21 other Span- 

 iai'ds. The Jemez people fled to the mountains. They sought aid 

 from the Acomas, Zuiiis, and the Navahos. On the 29th of June, 

 Capt. Miguel de Lara, with a small detachment of soldiers fi'om Zia, 

 and Don Fernando Duran y Chavez, the alcalde mayor of Bernalillo, 

 met the revolutionists in San Diego Canon (at the ruins of the pueblo 

 of San Juan). The Spaniards routed the Indians. Eight Acoma 

 warriors were killed and a number of the Jemez. The alliance be- 

 tween Acoma and Zuni was disrupted and the Jemez fled to the 

 mountains."* 



To quiet the Acomas, De Vargas marched to the pueblo, and on 

 the 15th of August, 1696, he attacked the village, capturing five men, 

 one of them a cliief. But he did not succeed in entering the town. 

 "Then he released the chief and resoi-ted to persuasion, without suc- 

 cess, finaUy shooting the captives, ravaging the corn fields, and 

 retiring." '' 



Don Diego de Vargas was succeeded by Pedro Rodriguez Cubero 

 as governor in 1696; Cubero assumed office on the 2d of July, 1697. 

 During his tour of the west in 1699 Cubero received the submission 

 of Acoma on the 6th of July. 



ACOMA TO-DAY 



Aconia's early reputation for vigorous unfriendlmess to the whites 

 has been maintained to the present day. Of course there has been 

 no violence for many years, but Government officials and employees, 

 I'epresentatives of religious organizations, and tourists well know the 

 difficulties which confront a white man or woman at Acoma. The 

 Acoma people are suspicious, distrustful, and unfriendly. In addi- 



1= Bennvides, Memorial. Land of Sunshine, vol. xni. 



'*- See Relacion of Escalante, Land of Sunshine, vol. xii. 



" Bancroft, op. <it., pp. a)(V-201. 



"■ Bandelier, Kinal Report, pi. ii, pp. 2I.'i-2Ifi; nancrnft, Arizona and New ^fe^i(•o, pp. 215-217. 



's Bancroft, <»p cit,, p. 217. 



