860 ZUNI KATCINAS [eth. ann. 47 



head man gives each member a handful of paint. He gives some to 

 each of the girls, too. Then the women members of the society bring 

 in food and they all sit down and eat. After that they go home. 

 This paint is used for painting masks, and sometunes the priests use it 

 on prayer sticks." 



Hekwitola is a fungus found in corn. It is sometimes eaten, 

 especially during the solstice when meat and grease are forbidden. 

 When the corn is husked in the faU, if hekwitola is found in any of the 

 ears it is carefully preserved in corn husks. It is mixed with water 

 for painting the body, or mixed with yucca sirup it makes a shiny 

 black pigment which is used for painting masks. The Tcakwena 

 masks are painted with this. Anyone may prejjare this paint. 



The yellow pigment, hehipstikwa, has been identified as "limonite, 

 a hydrated oxide of iron, sometimes called yellow ochre. This is 

 mLxed with carbonate of lime calcite." The preparation is described 

 as follows: "The yellow clay is found at the Sacred Lake, where the 

 pink clay (see below) is found. The wo'le brings it back with him 

 when he returns from the quadrennial pilgrimage. When he is ready 

 to use it he grinds it up. He grinds it himself and prays as he does 

 it. Then he mixes the ground stone with the dried petals of yellow 

 flowers and Paiyatamu medicine which he gets from the society 

 people. The Paiyatamu medicine is made in the winter during the 

 society meetings. The buttercups and other bright flowers are 

 gathered and dried during the summer. Then in the winter the 

 society people in^-ite pretty girls to come and grind. They grind up 

 the flowers with abalone shells. The wo'we have to get this medicine 

 from the society people. It is never made in summer unless they 

 run out of it and need it in a hurry. Then the society people in the 

 kiva that needs it will make it. The medicine is called Paiyatamu an 

 utea owe, Paiyatamu's flower meal. This pamt is used for painting 

 the body and masks, and also for prayer sticks. The yellow stone 

 belongs to the head men of the Katcina society. If the society people 

 need yellow paint for their prayer sticks they have to get the stone 

 from the kiva chiefs. They grind it in their society rooms the same 

 as they do the black paint. They get girls to come in and grind for 

 them, and they mix the yellow stone with the petals of yellow flowers." 

 The pulverized pigment is mixed with water. 



A yellow pigment is also made from corn pollen, mLxed with the 

 boiled juice of yucca. This gives a glossy paint. It is used for 

 painting the designs on the Tcakwena masks. 



There are two pink stains for the body. Of these the most impor- 

 tant is called katcina's clay (kok'w a'wan hekatca),^" identified by Mr. 

 Kerr as kaolinite or a similar hydrated silicate of almnina. "This 

 belongs to the kiva chiefs and wo^we who collect it on their quadren- 

 nial pilgrimage to the Sacred Lake. The clay is found on the shores 



*" The usual word for pink. 



