934 ZUNI KATCINAS [eth. ann. 47 



luck might be taken away. So they came to the dead man's son and 

 asked him to have a new mask made, for they were afraid they would 

 have misfortune if they used tlie old one again. So the man had the 

 mask made. The Katcina ?ekwin made it for him. And now maybe 

 they will bury the old mask, for it is dangerous." 



She comes at it-iwana, to bring women good luck in childbirth. 

 This is in the evening, after Pautiwa has gone after "making the 

 New Year." 



In the afternoon of the New Year the man of the Badger clan who 

 owns the ritual of Tcakwena Oka goes to her shrine, about two miles 

 west of the village, to dress. About the time J'autiwa leaves, the 

 Salimopiya impersonators are also seen going out toward the west. 

 These are appointed by the kiva heads, and most of them are very 

 young boys. 



After nightfall (about nine o'clock), Tcakwena Oka, accompanied 

 by the Salimopiya, enters the village from the west. She is masked 

 and clothed as described above. The Sahmopiya are masked, but 

 fully clothed in ordinary shirts and trousers. They do not wear 

 blankets. They carry yiicca switches in both hands. Tcakwena 

 Oka leads, walking very fast and shaking her rattle continuously. 

 She is followed by the Salimopiya in line. Some of them leave the 

 line occasionally to strike with their yucca anyone who comes too 

 close. They are followed by a boisterous crowd of boys who try to 

 see how close they can come without being whipped. The katcinas 

 walk close to the houses, winding in and out past every door. As they 

 approach each doorway, the women of the house, who have been 

 waiting up for them, open the door and throw out at them a shovel- 

 ful of live coals. These have first been waved around in every room 

 of the house, as a rite of purification. After throwing out the coals, 

 all the women of the house stand in the doorway, sprinkhng meal on 

 the shoulder of each katcina as he hurries by. On reaching the dance 

 plaza, Tcakwena Oka enters the house of the town chief for about 

 ten minutes, while the Salimopiya wait in the plaza, running about 

 and giving their caU, and lunging with their switches at any passers-by. 

 The crowd that is following them becomes quite rowdy.-' Every few 

 minutes women in the houses on the plaza open their doors to throw 

 out more coals. After a few minutes Tcakwena Oka comes out and 

 shakes her rattle to call the Salimopiya. The party then leaves the 

 plaza and the village. (Observed January, 1929. R. L. B.) 



Mi-s. vStevenson reports that this group is accompanied or followed 

 by unmasked personages, whom she calls Lelele. The writer saw no 

 such persons, although various informants assured her that Lelele 

 had, indeed, come. She surmises that this is merely another name 



" This was the only occasion on which the writer was molested on the streets of Zufii, although she 

 frequently went about at night unaccompanied. 



