1082 ZUNI KATCINAS [eth. ann. 47 



"When they have finished dancing the men return the wands and 

 each man gives one of the Ne'we-kwe men the yarn necklace that he 

 wore in the dance. He gives it to him and says, 'I am taking off 

 this necklace. This is all my bad luck and I am giving it to you to 

 get rid of it.' They always use backward speech." 



Parallels. — Cochiti: The Cochiti equivalent of the Ne'wekwe, the quirana, 

 also have a masked dance. "The function of the quirana is to procure rain. They 

 have their secret dances of shiwanna. The chief has a green mask with large 

 black hands. There is a beard. The costume is the same stuff as the malinche's, 

 with a dance belt. The other koetsame has a mask like those of Zufii, no beard 

 but a duck bill. He has a white shirt, a bandoleer called pani or manta of 

 cotton, boots of (?), the queue beribboned, skunk skin at ankles. The chief 

 says there is a heavy penalty for those who fail the day they dance at the cere- 

 monies. When they take in a novice the malinche comes out, but the masked 

 dance is always hidden." (Dumarest, p. 190-191.) 



The masks illustrated, however (PI. VI, 4, and fig. 26), do not agree with the 

 foregoing description, but show striking resemblance (except in color) to Zuni 

 Koyemci. 



Neneka 



(Plate 55, c) 



Helmet mask with high crest edged with goat's hair, downy feather 

 on peak. Crest and face painted turquoise with black line over 

 eyes. Back white with dragon flies, wide mouth and long black 

 beard, bunch of eagle and owl feathers at back. Wildcat skin over 

 shoulders. 



Fully clothed in white skirt, white kilt with blue stripe, buckskin 

 fastened on right shoulder, fringed buckskin leggings, blue mocca- 

 sins, fox skins. Hands painted white, beads on right, bow bracelet 

 on left. Necklaces hidden. Yucca in both hands. Comes with 

 Huponcilowa. 



Neneka is mentioned in all accounts of Keresan katcinas (Dumarest, 

 Goldfrank, Wliite) and seems to be important in these villages. 

 Neither mask nor character of the impersonation has been described. 



His position in Zuni is vague. Probably a recent importation there 

 from the east. 



Pakoko and Yebitcai (Navaho Katcina) 



(Plates 56, 57) 



Pakoko wears on his head eagle feathers tipped with yellow parrot 

 feathers; ribbon streamers. Red hair around the face. Corn painted 

 on the back of the mask, face painted blue with gum paint. Spruce 

 collar. His body is painted white. He wears a great deal of silver, 

 belt and bracelets, and wrist band with silver, and buttons like the 

 Navaho wear. He wears a Navaho blanket instead of a kilt. Bright 

 satin ribbons. Black knitted stockings, little red belts. Eagle 

 feathers on the left leg. Fox skin behind. 



