434 Rev. M. J. Berkeley and Mr. Hoffman 



third of that distance and is not so thick. The whole of this and the 

 upper half of the second sac is divided into two by a thick crest-like 

 fold. On each side of this, at the point where the cESophagus enters, the 

 stomach is constricted, and on the exterior side is a valvular projection 

 taking a spiral direction inwards. 



In this upper portion of the stomach beyond the valve is a small rib 

 running at first parallel with the crest, and when arrived at the apex turning 

 round and again running parallel with the crest, thus forming a small loop 

 within which are little concentric ridges, like the lines at the tips of the 

 fingers ; but these gradually become fainter, and the portion of the wall 

 within the loop is thickened until it becomes confluent with the valve: 

 the valve itself runs parallel with the loop for more than half of its 

 length. Between the crest and this the coat is nearly smooth or very 

 slightly wrinkled transversely; but on the other side of the loop near the 

 constriction are some narrow thick parallel folds at right angles to the 

 loop, beyond which again are some narrower more oblique folds. 



The second sac is very small : the coat marked with a continuation of 

 the same series of transverse wrinkles. To the portion of the crest in 

 this sac is applied lengthwise a thin transparent plate marked with 

 transverse lines, and dotted between them, which has a ridge with small 

 teeth which project horizontally. We could not detect the mode of 

 attachment, but supposed that it was free along the denticulated margin 

 and fixed below. We found it however simply applied close to the 

 crest, without any attachment. Our attention was drawn to it in conse- 

 quence of the little teeth which make this portion of the crest appear as 

 though it had a denticulated margin. Beyond the point where the crest 

 terminates is a small ccecum, from which there is a communication round 

 the crest with the passage down which the food passes in its entrance from 

 the oesophagus. Beyond this is a valvular projection as before, but , 

 thicker than that in the first, the office of which seems to be to cut off at 

 pleasure the communication down the channel j ust mentioned. Possibly 

 something analogous to rumination may be carried on. 



The third sac is still smaller; its walls are not marked with any 

 remarkable rugae, but internally there is a thick projection which seems a 



