j\Ir. W. R. O^ilvic-Graiit on the Genus Coturnix. 1G9 



Cotitnii.v major, liochst. /. c. p. 581 (1793). 

 Coturni.v n'ujra, lioehst. I. c. p. .'582 (1793). 

 Coticrnix dacfi/Uso?uins,Teimn. l''ig. et Gall. iii. pp. 478, 740 (1815); 



Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. xi. p. 861, pi. xxiv. (1819) ; Gould, B. 



Europe, iv. pi. cclxiii. (1837) ; Rowley, Oru. Mi.sc. i. pi. xii. figs. 3 



and 4 (1877). 

 Colurnix dactylisonans ?, var. indicits, Ilodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. 



p. 85 (1844); id. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mus. nos. 130, 131. 

 Coturni.v commioiis, Vieill. Tabl. Encvcl. M(5th. i. p. 217, pi. xcvi. fig". 2 



(1823); Fitz. Atl. Nat. Vrig. tig.' 238 (1864); Fritsch, Nat. Vog. 



Europa, pi. xxx. figs. 7 and 8 (1871) ; Dress. B. P^irope, vii. pp. 143, 



476 (1878) ; Hume and Marsh, Game B. lud. ii. p. 134, pi. (1879). 

 Ortyx commimis, Lemett, Cat. Ois. Seine Inf. p. 120 (1879). 

 Coturnix communis orientalis, Bogdauow, Consp. A v. Imp. Ross. fasc. i. 



p. 44 (1884). 

 Cotwnix media, Brehm, Handb. Vog. Deutschl, p. 528 (1831). 

 Coturnix minor, Brelim, /. c. p. 529 (1831). 

 Coturnix eurojxeus, Swains. Class. B. ii. p. 344 (1837). 

 Coturnix vuhjaris. Bout. Orn. Dauphine, p. 72, pi. xliii. fig. 1 (1843). 

 Coturnir vulgaris, 0. Baldanti, Severtz. Turkest. Jevotnie, p. 08 (1873). 

 Coturnix Baldnnii, Naum. fide Brehm, Vogelfang, p. 274 (1855). 

 Coturnix leucogenys, Brehm, Naumannia, p. 288 (1855). 

 Coturnix chiyiensis, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, pp. 63, 358. 

 Synoecus lodoisice, Verr. et Bes 31ui-s, Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1862, p. 225, 



pi. xi. 

 Synoicus lodoisice, Saund. Ibis, 1869, p. 393. 

 Perdortyx lodoisice, Montess. M^m. Soc. Saone, vi. p. 36 (1886). 

 Coturnix ypsilophor us, Bosc ?, fide Gray, lIand-1. B, ii. p. 268 (1870). 



Range. Ethiopian and Paleeavctic Regions and India. 



Race a. Coturnix capensis. 



Perdix coturnix, Webb & Berth. Orn. Can. p. 29 (1836-44). 

 Ortygion coturnix, (lodmau. Ibis, 1872, p. 219. 



Coturnix coturnix, Siiarpe's ed Layard B. S. Afr. p. 603 (1884) [part. J. 

 Coturnix dactylisonans, Strickl. & Sclat. in Jard. Contr. Orn. 1852, 



p. 152. 

 Cothurnix dactylisonans, Holub & Pelz. Beitr. Orn. Siidafr. p. 188 



(1882). 

 Coturnix commtinis, Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 454. 

 Coturnix capensis, Licht. fide Gray, Hand-1. B. ii. p. 208 (1870). 



Range. South Africa south of about 15° S. lat., Mauritius, 

 Madagascar, Comoro Ish\nds, Cape-Verd Islands, Canaries, 

 Madeira, and Azores. 



Perhaps no species of Game Birds have been more confused, 

 and their changes of plumage less understood, than the 

 Common Quail {Coturniw coturnix) and its near ally the 

 Japanese Quail [C.japonica) ; and I am pleased to say that 

 I have now at last discovered definite and well-marked 

 characters by which both the males and females of tiiese two 

 species may be readily distinguished, while the intermediate 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 6. Vol^. 12 



