396 



Rev. F. O. Pickard-Cambridge on 



These two characters — the one characteristic of the males, 

 the other of the females of these two otherwise closely allied 

 species — will be found quite sufficient for distinguishing them ; 

 but there are other characters, drawn from the colouring of 

 the abdomen, which will help very greatly in determining 

 their identity, though not so reliable as the above. 



The shoulders of the abdomen are in " x-notata " sooty 

 black and the whole abdomen is of a sooty or silvery grey 

 colour ; while in "' ntrica " the shoulders are rusty red-brown 

 and the abdomen is of a delicate yellow^ suffused at the sides 

 with bright orange-red. 



The clear yellow V-shaped space on the sternum is usually 

 in " atrica " broader than in '' x-notata ; " but further com- 

 parison of a vast number of specimens has shown rae that 

 this character again, though a good one, is by no means 

 reliable. 



It may be regarded as a general rule that " Z. x-notata " 

 constructs its web on stone bridges, in the angles of walls, 

 windows, greenhouses, old buildings, &c., while " atrica'''' is 

 seldom found far away from foliage of some sort. 



But I have lately taken " x-notata " plentifully side by 

 side on a holly-hedge with " atrica,^ and I have taken 

 " atrica " on railings, bridges, and, singularly enough, on 

 the " Roman wall," far away from trees of any sort. 



Both these species are very abundant in and about Carlisle, 

 and, indeed, throughout the country ; but since no figures of 

 the distinguishing characters of the females have yet been 

 published by our English authorities, I have ventured to give 

 them on Plate XX. fig. 3 and Plate XXI. fig. 8, h. 



List of Siiecies noted and described. 



Amaurohius shnilis, Blackw., 



p. 389. 



fenestralis, Stroem, p. 389. 



Phyllonethis lepidxim, Wlk., 



p. 390. 

 Leptyphcmtes pinicola, Sim., 



p. 390. 



nehulosus, Snd., p. 392. 



eriec^us, Blk., p. 390. 



plumiyer, F. Cb., p. 386. 



alacris, Blk,, p. o92. 



Lophocarenum Mengei, Sim., 



p. 387. 

 Bathyphantes parvidus, Westr., 



p. 392. 

 yrarihs, Blk., p. 393. 



Tmeticus scopiyer, Grube, p. 393. 

 Warbiirtonii, Cambr., 



p. 393. 



simplex, F. Cb., p. 384. 



rufus, Wid., p. 394. 



silvaticus, Blk., p. 394. 



Porhonma adipatum, L. K., 



p. 394. 



montigena, Sim., p. 394. 



Decymhium tibiale, Blk., p. 395, 

 T)'o:vochnis cirrifrons, Cambr., 



p. 395. 

 Areonctis vaporariorum, Cambr., 



p. 395. 

 ZilJa x-notata, Clerck, p. 395. 

 atrica, C. K., p. 395. 



