490 Herr E.. Klebs on the Fauna of Amber. 



Of Araclinoidea at least two thousand five hundred speci- 

 mens have been found, the majority of which belong to the 

 Araneida, which are remarkably rich in genera and species. 

 Herr Klebs mentions that at least six species of the extinct 

 genus Archcea have been observed. The Acarina too are 

 numerous, and it is interesting to note that Herr Klebs has 

 recently discovered an Ixodes. The Phalangida are repre- 

 sented by about thirty specimens and the Pseudoscorpionida 

 by about the same number. Of the true Scorpions only a 

 single example is known, and has been described by Menge 

 as Tityus cogenus. Pedipalpi and Solifugas are wanting 

 as yet. 



The Crustacea, with the exception of one Amphipod, which 

 Zaddach has worked out, are represented by Isopods only. 

 About fifty specimens, belonging to a number of genera and 

 species, have been found. 



Of larvae and larva-cases some fifteen hundred specimens 

 have been found ; but Helminthes, such as Mermis and 

 Anguillula, are only occasionally met with. 



The Mollusca are represented by twelve specimens, belonging 

 to eleven different species. Among these Herr Klebs has 

 distinguished and described the genera Pormocella, Ryalina, 

 Strohilus^ Myorocystis, Vertigo, Balcea., and Electrcea, his 

 determinations being for the most part confirmed by Sand- 

 berger. In addition to these he has recently acquired a 

 couple of beautifully preserved MoUusks ; one of these is a 

 Vertigo and the other very closely allied to the large Strep- 

 taxids. 



Vertebrate inclosures in amber are extremely rare and are 

 principally confined to solitary feathers and tufts of hair ; the 

 only other specimen belonging to this group with which Herr 

 Klebs is acquainted being a lizard, which Dr. Bottger, of 

 Frankfurt, supports him in considering to be very closely 

 allied to KnemidopJwrus, an exclusively American and for the 

 most part tropical form. Of the seventeen known species 

 one is also found in North America. 



So far as can be judged from the representatives of the 

 amber fauna hitherto examined, their nearest allies at the 

 present day occur in North America and Eastern Asia. Notably 

 is this the case in the Diptera. This fact had already been 

 noticed by Low, who, when examining the North-American 

 Diptera, discovered isolated representatives of a number of 

 genera [Electra, Chrysothemis, &c.) which he had previously 

 believed to be exclusively Tertiary. Baron Osten-Sacken 

 has since confirmed Low's conclusions, and in looking over 

 the material which Low had collected has discovered very 

 numerous relations between the amber fauna and that of North 



