Nomenclature of the Foraminifera. 201 



of Foraminifera under various names, obtained from Fichtel and 

 Moll, Lamarck, Montfort*, and Defrance ; but tlie nomenclature 

 adopted requires revision, and the classification is necessarily 

 erroneous, since these microzoa were at that time still grouped 

 among the Cephalopods, and no clue had been obtained to the 

 right understanding of their zoological relations. Defrance at 

 the same time revised the several genera and species, especially 

 those of which he had obtained specimens in the fossil state, 

 and added accounts of some previously unrecognized forms. 



Besides the Foraminifera thus treated of, there are several 

 others which De Blainville and Defrance arranged as " Poly- 

 piers " {Dactyloiiora, Fahularia, Larvaria, Lycophris, Orbitolites, 

 Oryzaria, Ovulites, Polytrema, and Polytrypa). 



In his 'Malacologie^t and ' Actinologie^ %> based on articles 

 in the ' Diet. Sc. Nat.,' De Blainville also treats of these forms. 



The publication of the ' Diet, des Sc. Nat.' (60 vols. 8vo, 

 Paris and Strasbourg) extended from 1816 to 1830, during 

 which time Alcide Dessalines D'Orbigny also was busy with 

 the study of Foraminifera, and a systematic catalogue (in the 

 "Tableau methodique de la Classe des Cephalopodes") was 

 published by him in the 'Annales des Sciences Naturelles,' 

 vii. 1825-26. Defrance and Blainville, in the later volumes 

 of the 'Diet. Sc. Nat.,' refer to D'Orbigny's work; whilst, in 

 the latter, references are made to the early volumes of the 'Diet. 

 Sc, Nat.' 



De Blainville seems to have added very little to the knowledge 

 of Foraminifera, having chiefly laboured in their systematization 

 on false grounds. Defrance, by careful observation, added a 

 few new forms, chiefly fossil, to those already known, and ap- 

 pears to have had a clearer perception of the relationships of 

 certain of the Foraminifera than some of his contemporaries 

 had. 



1. Alveolite. 1816. Diet. i. p. 557. Under this head G. L. 

 Duvernoy here confounds Lamarck's genus of corals [Alveolites) 

 and Bosc's " Alveolite grain de fetuque " and " Al. grain de mil- 

 let," the first of which is an Alveolina. In the Supplement to the 

 same volume (art. "Alveolites," p. 136) Defrance refers to these 

 little fossil forms (see Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3. viii. p. 162) ; and 



* Notes on the generic and specific names derived from the works of 

 Linnaeus, Fichtel and Moll, Lamarck, and De Montfort, have already been 

 published, in our papers on the Nomenclature of the Foraminifera, in the 

 'Annals of Natural History,' 1859 & 1860. 



t Manuel de Malacologie et de Conchyliologie, par H. M. De Blainville, 

 2 vols, (text and plates), 8vo, Paris, 1825. 



X Manuel d'Actinologie on de Zoophytologie, par H. M. De Blainville, 

 2 vols, (text and plates), 8vo, Paris, 1 834. 



Ann, ^ Mag, N, Hist. Ser. 3. Vol. xii. 14 



