234 Zoological Society : — 



The largest of our Scotch specimens is a mature male 1 1 inches 

 long. It differs from the male from Quickjock in having a more elon- 

 gate body, the depth of which is one-sixth of the total length. The 

 operculum is as high as long ; the pectoral fin terminates at a consider- 

 able distance from the vertical from the origin of the dorsal, equals 

 the length of the head without snout, and is contained once and a 

 quarter in the distance between its root and that of the ventral. The 

 females do not differ from the males. The immature specimens have 

 the same short pectorals which we have found in the young Lap 

 Charr ; but the operculum is much less elongate. 



The stomach of the Orkney Charr contained large common earth- 

 worms (Lumbricus). 



We distinguish, therefore, one of the Scotch Charrs by the name 

 of Salmo alpinus, which, although not entirely agreeing with a Charr 

 from Lapland described by Linnseus under the same denomination, 

 is nevertheless closely allied to it, — the Scotch variety being consider- 

 ably smaller in size at the period of first maturity. This Scotch 

 species is found in Lake HeUer in Hoy, Orkneys, and very probably 

 in certain other lochs of Scotland *. 



c. Salmo Willughbii. 



This species has been described and figured in the former paper 

 as the Charr of Windermere. A Charr for the knowledge of which 

 I am indebted to Lord Lovat is very closely allied to it. It is found 

 in Loch Bruiach (North Scotland) ; all the specimens sent are of 

 nearly equal length, between 7 and 8 inches ; nevertheless they are 

 mature, and the development of the milt and ova indicates that 

 their spawning-season is the end of October. Lord Lovat writes 

 that " those specimens are smaller in size than usual ; but they are 

 the largest we have caught this season." 



This Charr of Loch Bruiach differs but slightly from the typical 

 S. Willughbii ; it is somewhat more elongate ; it has thirteen dorsal 

 rays, the base of the dorsal fin being rather longer than the last dor- 

 sal ray. The number of vertebrae is sixty or sixty-one, and that of 

 the pyloric appendages is thirty-five. 



d. Salmo nivalis. Iceland Charr. 



In the original description of S. Willughbii I mentioned several 

 specimens of a Charr from Iceland, which were not fit for an 

 accurate examination, owing to the manner in which they had been 

 preserved. Meanwhile I have received from Mr. G. G. Fowler two 

 very fine examples of the same species, which, although young 

 (10 inches long), prove that it is distinct from the other European 

 Charrs. It is probably identical with the dark variety of S. alpinus, 

 mentioned by Faber (Fische Islands, p. 169), for which he proposed 

 the name of S. nivalis, if some future ichthyologist should point out 

 its distinctive characters. 



* The specimens purchased of Mr. Stevens for the collection of the British 

 Museum are from Scotland ; but the exact locality whence they have been pro- 

 cured is unknown. 



