Dr. A. Giinther on the British Charrs, 237 



acute point ; the lower margin of the fin is slightly emarginate. 

 The fourth ray is simple, the fifth branched ; the last is spht to the 

 base, half as long as the fourth. 



Caudal fin forked, one of the middle rays being two-fifths as long 

 as the outer ones, the length of which is less than one-fifth of the 

 total. Lobes pointed. 



The base of the pectoral is entirely free, and not overlapped by 

 the gill-cover apparatus ; it is shorter than the head, terminating at 

 a considerable distance from the vertical from the origin of the dorsal; 

 its length is one-half, or not much more than one-half, of the dis- 

 tance between its root and that of the ventral. 



The ventral is inserted below the tenth and eleventh dorsal rays, 

 its length being four-fifths of that of the pectoral, and two-thirds of 

 that of the head. 



Back bluish black ; sides silvery, with scattered light salmon- 

 coloured dots ; belly reddish ; fins black, the anal and the paired 

 fins with a reddish tinge, the anal and the ventrals with a narrow 

 whitish margin. 



Number of vertebrae 63. 



This is evidently one of the smallest species of this genus ; it is 

 mature when it has grown to a size of 5-6 inches, and, according to 

 inquiries made by the Earl of Enniskillen, it never exceeds the length 

 of the specimens described, viz. 7-8 inches. The locality where it is 

 found is Lough Eske, a small lake in the county of Donegal, the cir- 

 cumference of which is not above eight miles. Mr. Brooke, whose 

 family were residents on the shores of that lake for more than two 

 centuries, writes that " Lough Eske (Eske, or Yesk, meaning Fish) 

 was the crater of an extinct volcano, as suggested by Dr. Wilde, of 

 Dublin ; a high mountain-range runs close to the north-east shores. 

 In the season, salmon, white trout, and the common lake-trout are in 

 abundance. The Commissioners of Fisheries have decided that the 

 Charr of Lough Eske are the Salmo alpinus, thus placing them in the 

 same Act as salmon ; so that, except for scientific purposes, we are 

 not permitted to take them after August. Formerly, in the months of 

 October and November the fish were taken in large quantities by the 

 country-people, without any apparent diminution of their numbers. 

 Now, at the permitted season of fishing they remain in such deep 

 waters, the people have not nets sufficiently large to take them. The 

 Charr are not at all like the only ' freshwater Herring ' with which 

 I am acquainted, that of Lough Neagh*, the flesh of which is quite 

 white ; and the shape of the fish was like Sea-Herring." 



Conclusion. 



When we recapitulate the results of our examinations contained in 

 this and in the preceding papers, we hope we have shown — 



1 . That three very distinct species of Charrs are found in Great 

 Britain, namely, S. TVillughbii in the Lake of Windermere and in 

 Loch Bruiach, S. cambricus in Wales, and S. alpinus in certain parts 

 of Scotland. 



* Mr. Brooke evidently alludes here to the Coregonus Pollan. 



