Mr. J. Y. Johnson on new Fishes from Madeira. 319 



vol. xxii. p. 463) ; and to the same species is to be assigned the fish 

 described by Valenciennes, in his ' Ichthyologie Canarienne,' under 

 the name of S. trivirgatus. Both these forms have been obtained 

 by me at Madeira. 



The following are the dimensions of the larger of the two speci- 

 mens of S. atlanticus : — 



inches. 



Total length 11 



Height \^% 



Head 2j% 



Eye, diameter c y^^ 



First dorsal, distance from muzzle 4 



, longest rays 1 y^,^ 



Second dorsal, height ^-^ 



, width -^ 



Pectorals, length I 



Ventrals, length 2 



, distance of their vertical from muzzle .... 3^ 



Vent, distance from muzzle 7\ 



Anal, height -^-^ 



, length of base ^ 



, distance from base of ventrals A^ 



Caudal, length 1 J^ 



SCOPELUS CAUDISPINOSUS, Sp. U. 



1st D. 26. 2nd D. adipose. P. 12. V. 9. A. 19. C. viii. 

 10+11. vii. M.J3. 10. 



Body slender, with the head of a peculiar aspect, from the steep 

 profile, the forward eye, and the deep mouth -cleft. The height is 

 to the total length as 1 to 7, and the thickness about one-twelfth of 

 the total length. The scales are cycloid. 



The head curves rapidly downwards in front of the eyes, forming 

 a quadrantic profile. Compared with the total length, it is as 1 to 

 4|. It is scaleless, unarmed, and arched above. The eye has a 

 diameter equal to about one-fifth of the length of the head, and is 

 placed less than half a diameter distant from the muzzle, which is 

 short, blunt, and truncate. The oral cleft is oblique, and reaches 

 much beyond the eyes. The upper border of the mouth is formed 

 by the premaxillary, the slender maxillary lying behind. There are 

 villiform bands of teeth in each jaw, on the palatines, and on the 

 pharyngeals, as well as three longitudinal bands on the tongue, the 

 middle one widening backwards. There are also patches of similar 

 teeth on the entopterygoids ; but the vomer is unarmed. The rakers 

 of the branchial arches carry small teeth. The gill-openings are 

 large, and the gill-covers are of a dark blue colour inside ; the opercle 

 has an angular form near the root of the pectoral fin. 



The pectoral fin is small, being to the total length as 1 to \\\. 

 It is inserted low down, and reaches nearly to the root of the ventral 

 fins. T\ie first dorsal fin is placed at the middle of the back. It is 

 higher in front, but its height does not equal that of the fish. The 



