430 Messrs. W. K. Parker and T. R. Jones on the 



tionships; he made a selection of the Foraminifera figured in 

 Soldani's great work ('Testaceographia et Zoophytographia parva 

 et microscopica/ 1789-98), grouped, and named them; and he 

 enumerated (with binomial appellations) a very large number of 

 specific and varietal forms observed by himself, and many of 

 which were subsequently described and figured in his several fine 

 monographs on the Foraminifera of Cuba*, of South Americaf, 

 of the Canaries J, of the White Chalk of Paris §, and of the Vienna 

 Tertiary Basin ||. 



D'Orbigny's views relating to the Foraminifera, in 1844, are 

 expressed in the article " Foraminiferes," in the * Diet. Univers. 

 Hist. Nat.^ vol. v. pp. 662, &c.; and his latest published deter- 

 minations as to their generic and family relationships are to be 

 found in his ' Cours Elementaire de Paleontologie et de Geologie,' 

 vol. ii. fasc. 1. pp. 189-207 (1851). 



In treating of the species accepted and determined by D'Or- 

 bigny, we propose, firstly, to enumerate the species adopted by 

 him 'from earlier authors; secondly, to pass in review those that 

 he illustrated, in 1826, by engraved figures (in the 'Ann. Sc. 

 Nat.^ vol. vii.), and by models in 1823 ; thirdly, to determine the 

 forms selected by D'Orbigny from Soldani's figures ; and after- 

 wards to enumerate the other species determined by him, as far 

 as the means at our disposal serve. 



In the determination of the right specific names for the several 

 type forms indicated, we are guided, as heretofore, by the fitness 

 of the several forms to stand as types, in accordance with their 

 possession of some trace of all or nearly all the features charac- 

 teristic of their species, priority of publication giving permanence 

 to one of any two or more names of identical forms. The 

 'Models^ having been published in 1823, the type forms repre- 

 sented by them take precedence of identical forms subsequently 

 published in the 'Tabl. Ceph.' or elsewhere. 



It should be recollected that, in our continued critical exami- 

 nation of the works of earlier labourers in this particular field 

 of research, we still have in view only the careful elaboration of 

 the several groups of Foraminifera that are sufficiently distinct 



* Histoire Physique, Politique, et Naturelle de I'ile de Cuba, par Ramon 

 de la Sagra. Paris, 1839, 4to. Foraminiferes de Cuba et des Antilles, par 

 M. d'Orbigny. 



t Voyage dans I'Amerique Meridionale pendant les annees 1826-33. 

 Paris, 4to, 1834-42 : vol. v. partie 5, Foraminiferes. 1839. 



X Histoire Naturelle des iles Canaries, par MM. P. Barker- Webb et 

 Sabin Berthelot. Paris, 4to, 1835-50 : vol. ii. partie 2. p. 123, Foramini- 

 feres, par M. d'Orbigny, 1839. 



§ Sur les Foraminiferes de la Craie blanche de Paris : Memoires de la 

 Soc. Geol. de France, vol. iv. p. 1. 1840, 4to, Paris. 



II Foraminiferes fossiles du Bassin Tertiaii-e de Vienue. Paris, 4to, 1846. 



