L1V REPORT OF THE BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY 



are specially sought. It is to this mental attitude that many 

 features of the primitive ceremonial are to be ascribed; indeed 

 it is to this wide-prevailing attitude among primitive peoples 

 that the remarkable development of jugglery, so refined as to 

 deceive the eyes and judgment even of trained observers, must 

 be attributed. 



Some of the games observed among the Menomini Indians, 

 like most of those played by primitive peoples, are in part divin- 

 at( irv ; and it is probable that all of those now played for diver- 

 sion alone have been modified through acculturation. Much 

 of the interest attaching to the games of the Indians springs 

 from their divinatory function. Dominated by habitual as- 

 sumption of mysterious influence, the tribesman is unable to 

 svstemize action, whether for welfare or amusement, without 

 constant reference to occult powers; so the hazard of chance 

 is interpreted as expressing the favor or disfavor of capricious 

 potencies, and the habitually played game of chance soon 

 becomes an invocation. Primarily, primitive games, like those 

 of more advanced culture, involve quickness of perception, 

 strength, and skill, and the unorganized gambols of children 

 and spontaneous antics of adults are mainly or wholly diver- 

 sional; but the divinatory tendency is ever present and com- 

 monly prevalent, and to this tendency the multiplication and 

 persistence of set games among the Indian tribes may be 

 ascribed. 



The double vocabulary appended to the memoir affords a 

 typical example of the simpler aboriginal tongues. It is pub- 

 lished as an illustration of primitive ideation and expression, 

 and is a feature in the general description of the tribe rather 

 than a finished linguistic study. 



THE CORONADO EXPEDITION, 1540-15^2 



Scientific researches concerning the aborigines were not 

 undertaken until most of the tribes were affected in greater or 

 less degree by acculturation. Especially was this true of the 

 industrial arts, as already set forth. Again, the movements of 

 nomadic and migratory tribes were affected by the advent of 

 the white men so that some of their relations among one another 



