18 THE MENOM1NI INDIANS [etii.ann.u 



were enemies of the French. A short time later, Poutiac made felt his 

 power in the northwest; and although the destruction of mauy posts 

 and settlements resulted, the French inhabitants were usually spared. 

 In 1073, when the attack on Michiliinackinac was planned, some 

 Meuomiiii joined the expedition; and they were present at, although 

 they were not participants in, the massacre. 



It had been the plan of Pontiac to capture also the fort at Green 

 Bay, and a band of Indians at Milwaukee, consisting chiefly of 

 Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi, was detailed for the work. But 

 the Menomini Indians were friendly to the English and prevented the 

 attack, and when instructions were received by Lieutenant Gorrell to 

 abandon the post, Garron and his Menomini tribesmen conducted the 

 party to Mackinaw. "For his faithful adherence to the English and 

 rejection of the councils of Pontiac, Carron was subsequently presented 

 with a large silver medal by the British authorities, with a certificate 

 of his chieftainship and good services." ' 



When, in 1764, Sir William Johnson sent messengers to the various 

 tribes of the Great Lakes, calling them to a council to be held at 

 Niagara for the purpose of urging them to remain friendly to the 

 English, a delegation of 499 Menomini went from Green bay, 2 confident 

 of deserving recognition for their services to Gorrell and his band of 

 soldiers. They were received with cordiality and greeted as brothers, 

 and on the adjournment of the council they departed well pleased with 

 their experience. 3 



The English did not again occupy the post on Green bay, and the 

 Menomini did not render service to them until at the outbreak of 

 the Revolution, when a party under Charles de Langlade, in company 

 with another large Indian force, went to Montreal and there held a 

 council. About 1780, Captain Dalton, Superintendent of Indian Affairs 

 for the United States, in an estimate of the Indian tribes employed 

 by the British in the Revolutionary war, estimated that the Fulawin 

 (Menomini) had furnished about 150 warriors. 4 



Grignon, in his Recollections of Wisconsin, 5 states that "The Green 

 bay settlement, from its inception in 1745 to 1785, a period of forty 

 years, had made but little progress." Carver, who visited the locality 

 in 1766, found that there had been no garrison since its abandonment 

 in 1763, and that the fort had not been kept in repair. There were but 

 two trading establishments in 1785, the only stores at Green Bay prior 

 to 1812. 



In 1810 messengers arrived from Tecumseh and the Prophet, inviting 

 the Menomini to join the Indian confederacy against the Americans; 



1 Grignon, in Coll. Hist. Soc. of Wisconsin for 1856, vol. iii, 1857, pp. 226-227. 

 • CoU. Mass. Hist. Soc, vol. x, Boston, 1809, p. 122. 



3 Turkman, Conspiracy of Pontiac, p. 165 et seq. 



4 Coll. Massachusetts Hist. Soc, vol. x, Boston, 1809, p. 123 {from an account published in Phila- 

 delphia, August 5, 1783). 



6 Coll. Hist. Soc. of Wisconsin for 1856, vol. iii, 1857, p. 241. 



