hoffman] THE TOTEMIC SYSTEM 41 



two families have therefore lived together. The Bear family occupies the 

 eastern side of the council, while the Thunderers sit on the western side. 

 The latter are the war chiefs and have charge of the lighting of the fire. 



The Wolf came from Moqwai'o O'sepe'ome (" Wolf, his creek"). The 

 Dog (Amim') was born at Nomawi'qkito (Sturgeon bay); the Abii'shush 

 (deer) came from Sha'wano Nipe'se (Shawano or Southern lake) and, 

 together with the Bog, joined the Wolf at Menomini river. 



After this union, the Bear built a loDg wigwam, extending north- 

 and-south, and a fire was kindled by the Thunderers in the middle. 

 From this all the families receive fire, which is carried to them by one 

 of the Thunderers, and when the people travel the Thunderers go on 

 ahead to a camping place and start the fire to be used by all. 



THE TOTEMS OF THE PRESENT 



The Menomini totems or gentes as they exist at this day are as fol- 

 lows, arranged in their respective phratries and in order of importance: 



I. Owa'sse wi'dishi'anuu, or Bear phratry: 



O wa'sse Bear 



Kitii'mi Porcupine 



Miqka'no Turtle 



Ota/tshia Crane 



Moqwai'o Wolf 



Mikek' Otter 



Nomii'eu Sturgeon 



Naku'ti Sunfish. 



Although the Wolf is recognized as a member of the Bear phratry, 

 his true position is at the head of the third phratry. 



II. Ina'maqki'fr wi'dishi'anuu. or Big Thunder phratry: 



Kiue'u T Golden Eagle 



Shawa'nani' Fork-tail Hawk 



Pinash'iu Bald Eagle 



Opash'koshi Turkey-buzzard 



Pakask'tsheke'u' .... Swift-flying Hawk 



Pe'kike'kuue Winter Hawk (remains all 



winter in Wisconsin) 



Ke'shewa'toshe Sparrow Hawk 



Maq'kwoka'ui Bed-tail Hawk 



Kaka'ke Grow 



Imiq'tek Baven 



Piwat'inot' Beaver (former name Noma'i) 



Omas'kos Elk 



Una'wanink' Pine Squirrel. 



III. Moqwai'o wi'dishi'anuu, or Wolf phratry: 



Moqwai'o Wolf 



Anam' Dog 



Abii'shush Deer. 



