boffmax] DREAMERS CEREMONY 159 



permission to depart be given by the chief of the ums. .a as (14). Should 

 the latter go out first, however, a person previously requesting permis- 

 sion to leave the inclosure may follow him. 



When the first song is finished, the orator is called on by the four 

 braves to preach. In case he should decline, he must make known his 

 reason for so doing to one of the four braves, one of whom then delivers 

 an address. If a particularly forceful address is demanded or required, 

 the chief (1) himself speaks. 



If an objectionable person enters, the chief drummer carries the drum 

 out at the eastern entrance. This is a signal that the meeting is dis- 

 solved. After the completion of the service, all depart from the west- 

 ern door 



Pig. 24 — Diagram ol tin- Dreamers' dancing place. 



1. Okwe'mau, chief of Ne'moak and keeper of the drum. 2. Ke'kitoina'niii, orator or "speaking 

 man." 3. Boys who are members or candidates for membership. 4. Oski'nauwa'iiokwe'maa, "young- 

 boy -chief, n leader of boys. 5. Nii'nauwe'qtawok, four "braves." 6. O'skabai'wls, "messenger" to 

 braves; the brave seated next to the messenger is called Missu'akan, " Wounded leg." 7. The Drum 

 society owns two sets, one (3 pieces) called okwe'mau tiiwaq'ikanok', "chiefs' drums," and na'nau- 

 we'qtawok tawiiq'ikanok, " braves' drums" (2 pieces). 8, 9, 10, 11, musicians; (No. 8 is called luiau'- 

 nika'mo ina'nlfr, "principal singer"). 12. Okwe'mau opi'kishi'ka", one who dried the drum; the 

 drum cover is wet, and he is supposed to dry it by drumming. 13. Uq'puokan' ina'niu\ "pipe man;" 

 attendant to singers who keeps the musicians supplied; the assistants sit between the chief musicians, 

 8-11, and around, behind them, is a circle of women singers (14-17). 14, 15, 16, 17, chiefs of women 

 musicians; the last (17) is called Missu'akan, "Wounded drum leg; " also termed Mussu'akanoq 

 katape"la, "Wounded (drum) leg," who sits by it; as the drum is supposed to rest on four legs the 

 name is only an illusion. 



The keeper of the drum resided near the Dreamers' dancing inclo- 

 sure, and had suspended the inclosed drum in the northeast corner of 

 the only room in the house, as shown in figure 25. 



Beneath the drum was placed a large rush mat, while behind it, near 

 the corner, was a box containing the drumstick, medicine pouch — as 

 the owner was also a mita' T — and other mysterious or sacred objects. 

 Upon the mat was deposited a silk handkerchief, on the rear portion 

 of which was placed the ceremonial pipe of catliuite with an ash-wood 

 stem. Before the pipe was a saucer containing tobacco and a box with 

 a quantity of matches stuck into it. The place of the drum and pipe 

 was never approached unless for the purpose of making a smoke offer- 



