272 THE MENOMINI INDIANS [eth.ann.14 



threads forming the woof are double instead of single, and as the 

 threads pass through the bead they diverge so as to inclose the warp, 

 after which they again unite to pass through the next bead. An exam- 

 ple of this is shown in figure 48. The lateral edges of the garter may 

 be smooth or beaded — that is, the threads may either simply inclose 

 the outside vertical thread and return to take up the next upper row of 

 beads, or they may pass through one bead and then return on the next 

 line. The object of the lateral beads, which project edgewise, is for the 

 same purpose as that mentioned in connection with the second class of 

 weaving. 



Dance bags — so called because they are ornamental and worn chiefly 

 by well-to-do Indians at dances — are made of a piece of cloth or buck- 

 skin about 15 inches square, from the two upper corners of which a 

 continuous band or baldric, 4 or 5 incbes broad, extends upward so 

 as to pass over the shoulder opposite the side on which the bag is 

 worn. The entire piece of material is covered by a 

 sheet of beadwork, bearing designs similar to those 

 on the garters, though frequently more elaborately 

 combined or grouped. The flat part of the bag contains 

 a very narrow slit for a pouch, the latter being often 

 no larger than a vest pocket (plate xxix). 

 Fl °' 48 ~ rL ! rd . f ° rm A medicine-man considers himself fortunate if he 



of working in beads. 



owns one of these bags. The ordinary number worn 

 by the mitii'wok is three or four, part of them being worn at the left 

 side, the others at the right. Sometimes a dozen such bags are worn 

 by a single individual, beside other bead ornaments consisting of 

 necklaces, breast -pieces, garters, armlets, etc, until the weight of the 

 decorations causes him considerable inconvenience in these prolonged 

 ceremonies. 



Beaded belts also are worn, but originally all belts were made of fiber. 

 Woolen yarn is now employed in weaving strips, about 6 inches wide 

 and 3 feet long, from each end of which a fringe extends a foot and a 

 half or more beyond. The texture is close, and the warp consists of 

 strands of almost every obtainable color, twisted together in an appar- 

 ent tangle, though on close inspection the color designs appear to con- 

 sist of lozenge-shape stripes, and sometimes diagonal lines returning to 

 the side from which the first deviation was made, thus often resembling 

 an elongated zigzag pattern. 



HUNTING AND FISHING 

 GAME OF THE MENOMINI REGION 



Hunting is still engaged in by the Menomini, though not to such an 

 extent as formerly. The mammals most abundant in their country are 

 the black bear, deer, hare, porcupine, wildcat, and lynx. Occasionally 



