winship] TRANSLATION OF CASTANEDA 507 



From here the general seut out to explore the country, 1 and they 

 found another settlement four days from there 2 . . . The country 

 was well inhabited, and they had plenty of kidney beans and prunes 

 like those of Castile, and tall vineyards. These village settlements 

 extended for three days. This was called Cona. Some Teyas, 3 as 

 these people are called, went with the army from here and traveled as far 

 as the end of the other settlements with their packs of dogs and women 

 and children, and then they gave them guides to proceed to a large 

 ravine where the army was. They did not let these guides speak with 

 the Turk, and did not receive the same statements from these as they 

 had from the others. These said that Quivira was toward the north, 

 and that we would not find any good road thither. After this they 

 began to believe Ysopete. The ravine which the army had now reached 

 was a league wide from one side to the other, with a little bit of a river 

 at the bottom, and there were many groves of mulberry trees near it, 

 and rosebushes with the same sort of fruit that they have in France. 

 They made verjuice from the unripe grapes at this ravine, although 

 there were ripe ones.' 1 There were walnuts and the same kind of fowls 

 as in New Spain, and large quantities of prunes like those of Castile. 

 During this journey a Teya was seen to shoot a bull right through both 

 shoulders with an arrow, which would be a good shot for a musket. 

 These people are very intelligent; the women are well made and modest. 

 They cover their whole body. They wear shoes and buskins made of 

 tanned skin. The women wear cloaks over their small under petticoats, 

 with sleeves gathered up at the shoulders, all of skin, and some wore 

 something like little sanbenitos 5 with a fringe, which reached half-way 

 down the thigh over the petticoat. 



The army rested several days in this ravine and explored the country. 

 Up to this point they had made thirty-seven days' marches, traveling 



'Herrera, Historia General, dee. vi, lib. ix, cap. xi, xii, vol. iii, p. 206, ed. 1728: "La relacion que este 

 Initio hacia, de lamaneracon que so governaban en vnaPiovinciamasadelante, Uauiada Harae, i.juzgan- 

 dose, que era iiuposible que alii de xasede haver algunos Christianos perdidos del Armada de Pantile de 

 Narvaez, Francisco Vazquez acordd de escrivir vna Carta, i la eiubio con el Iudio fiel de aquellos dos, 

 porque el que havia de quedar, siempre le llevaron de Retaguarda, porque el bueno no le viese. . . . 

 Einbiada la Carta, dando cuenta de la Jornada que hacia el Exercito, i adonde havia llegado, pidiendo 

 aviso, i relacion deaquella Tierra, i llamando aquellos Christianos, si por casoloshuviese, 6 que avisasen 

 de lo que havian menester para salir de cautiverio." 



2 A manera de alixares. The margin reads Alexeres, which I can not fiud in the atlases. The word 

 means threshing floor, whence Ternaux: "autres cabanes semblables a des bruyeres (alixares)." 



3 Bandelier suggests that the name may have originated in the Indian exclamation, Texia! Texia!— 

 friends! friends!— with which they first greeted the Spaniards. 



J Ternaux: "il y avait des vignes, des muriers et des rosiers (rosales), dont le fruit que I'on trouve 

 en France, serf en guise de verjus: il y en avait de mur." 



E CaptainJohn Stevens's New' Dictionary says the sanbenito was "the badge put upon converted Jews 

 brought out by the Inquisition, being in the nature of a scapula or a broad piece of cloth hangiug 

 before and behind, with a large Saint Andrews cross on it, red and yellow. The name corrupted from 

 Saco Benito, answerable to the sackcloth worn by penitents in the primitive church." Robert Tomson, 

 in his Voyage into Nova Hispania, 1555, in Hakluyt, iii, 536, describes his imprisonment by the Holy 

 Office in the city of Mexico: " We were brought into the Church, euery one with a S. Benito vpon his 

 backe, which is a halfe a yard of yellow cloth, with a bole to put in a mans bead in the niiddest, and 

 cast oner a inans head : both flaps hang one before, and another behinde, and in the niiddest of euery 

 flap, a S. Andrewes crosse, made of red cloth, sowed on vpon the same, and that is called S. Benito." 



