510 THE CORONADO EXPEDITION, 1540-1542 [eth.ann.u 



what had taken thein 37 days going, besides stopping to hunt cows on 

 the way. They found many salt lakes on this road, and there was a 

 great quantity of salt. There were thick pieces of it on top of the 

 water bigger than tables, as thick as four or five fingers. Two or three 

 spans down under water there was salt which tasted better than that 

 in the floating pieces, because this was rather bitter. It was crystal- 

 line. All over these plains there were large numbers of animals like 

 squirrels and a great number of their holes. On its return the army 

 reached the Cicuye river more than 30 leagues below there — I meau 

 below the bridge they had made when they crossed it, and they fol- 

 lowed it up to that place. In general, its banks are covered with a sort 

 of rose bushes, the fruit of which tastes like muscatel grapes. 1 They 

 grow on little twigs about as high up as a man. It has the parsley leaf. 

 There were unripe grapes and currants (?) 2 and wild marjoram. The 

 guides said this river joined that of Tiguex more than 20 days from here, 

 and that its course turned toward the east. It is believed that it flows 

 into the mighty river of the Holy Spirit (Espiritu Sauto), which the 

 men with Don Hernando de Soto discovered in Florida. A painted 

 Indian woman ran away from Juan de Saldibar and hid in the ravines 

 about this time, because she recognized the country of Tiguex where 

 she had been a slave. She fell into the hands of some Spaniards 

 who had entered the country from Florida to explore it in this direc- 

 tion. After I got back to New Spain I heard them say that the Indian 

 told them that she had run away from other men like them nine days, 

 and that she gave the names of some captains; from which we ought 

 to believe that we were not far from the region they discovered, 

 although they said they were more than 200 leagues inland. I believe 

 the land at that point is more than (500 leagues across from sea to sea. 

 As I said, the army followed the river up as far as Cicuye, which it 

 found ready for war and unwilling to make any advances toward peace 

 or to give any food to the army. From there they went on to Tiguex 

 where several villages had been reinhabited, but the people were afraid 

 and left them again. 



Chapter 22, of how the general returned from Quivira and of other 

 expeditions toward the North. 



After Don Tristan de Arellano reached Tiguex, about the middle of 

 July, in the year '42, 3 he had provisions collected for the coming winter. 

 Captain Francisco de Barrionuevo was sent up the river toward the 

 north with several men. He saw two provinces, one of which was 

 called Hemes and had seven villages, and the other Yuqueyunque. 4 

 The inhabitants of Hemes came out peaceably and furnished provisions. 

 At Yuqueyunque the whole nation left two very fine villages which 



>Ternaux: "lea rives, qui sont couvertes (Tune plante dont It? fruit ressenible an raisin muscat. " 

 s Compare the Spanish text; Ternaux omits this sentence. 

 3 Castaueda's date is, as usual, a year later than the aetual one, 



4 Yuge-uing-ge, as ISandelier spells it, is the aboriginal name of a former Tewa village, the site of 

 which is occupied by the hamlet of Cbamita, opposite San Juan. The others are near by. 



