wihship] RELACION DEL SUCESO 573 



The day we reached the first village part of them came out to fight 

 us, aud the rest stayed in the village and fortified themselves. It was 

 not possible, to make peace with these, although we tried hard enough, 

 so it was necessary to attack them and kill some of them. The rest 

 then drew back to the village, which was then surrounded and attacked. 

 We had to withdraw, on account of the great damage they did us from 

 the flat roofs, and we began to assault them from a distance with the 

 artillery and muskets, and that afternoon they surrendered. Francisco 

 Vazquez came out of it badly hurt by some stones, and I am certain, 

 indeed, that he would have been there yet if it had not been for the 

 army-master, D. Garcia Lopez de Cardenas, who rescued him. When 

 the Indians surrendered, they abandoned the village and went to the 

 other villages, and as they left the houses we made ourselves at home 

 in them. 



Father Friar Marcos understood, or gave to understand, that the 

 region and neighborhood in which there are seven villages was a single 

 village which he called Cibola, but the whole of this settled region 

 is called Cibola. The villages have from 150 to 200 and 300 houses; 

 some have the houses of the village all together, although in some vil- 

 lages they are divided into two or three sections, but for the most part 

 they are all together, and their courtyards are within, and in these are 

 their hot rooms for winter, and they have their summer ones outside 

 the villages. The houses have two or three stories, the walls of stone 

 and mud, and some have mud walls. The villages have for the most 

 part the walls of the houses; the houses are too good for Indians, espe- 

 cially for these, since they are brutish and have no decency in anything 

 except in their houses. 



For food they have much corn and beans and melons, and some fowls, 

 like those of Mexico, and they keep these more for their feathers than 

 to eat, because they make long robes of them, since they do not have 

 any cotton; and they wear cloaks of heniquen (a fibrous plant), and (if 

 the skins of deer, and sometimes of cows. 



Their rites and sacrifices are somewhat idolatrous, but water is what 

 they worship most, to which they offer small painted sticks and feathers 

 and yellow powder made of flowers, and usually this offering is made 

 to springs. Sometimes, also, they offer such turquoises as they have, 

 although poor ones. 



From the valley of Culiacan to Cibola it is 240 leagues in two direc- 

 tions. It is north to about the thirty-fourth-aud-a-half degree, and 

 from there to Cibola, which is nearly the thirty-seventh degree, toward 

 the northeast. 



Having talked with the natives .of Cibola about what was beyond, 

 they said that there were settlements toward the west. Francisco 

 Vazquez then sent Don Pedro de Tobar to investigate, who found seven 

 other villages, which were called the province of Tuzan; 1 this is 35 



1 Buckingham Smith prints Tovar and Tu^an. 



