ADMIXTSTKATIVK REPORT LXXIII 



men may read, iiml it dearly teaches that the pleasures of music 

 are derivative. 



Here let us pause for a remark about the attitude of idralisui 

 and materialism toward this question. Idealism affii-ins tliat 

 not only is pleasure, as a (pxality, created by the mind, l)ut tliat 

 even the properties of sound itself are created by the mind. 

 Materialism atfirms that the property inheres in the sounding- 

 body, and the qualit}- also in the sounding body. What Ave 

 affirm is that the propert}' inheres in the sounding body, and 

 the quality in the body pleased. 



Si/mpho)!// — In modern time, or the time of representative 

 government, which also may be considered as the time of 

 science par excellence, symphony has been added to music. 

 The development of symphonic music is dependent on the 

 development of musical instruments. Musical instruments 

 themselves have tlieir germ in the hunter stage of society. A 

 tree overthrown by a tempest may be crosscut into sections 

 with a stone ax, reenforced by fire. Such a section niiiy then 

 be hollowed out with a stone adz and living coals A vessel 

 thus wrought serves man)- jjurposes. At night, when tlie trilie 

 dances in o'lee, this mortar or tub for soaking skins becomes a 

 drum. A wild goitrd holding pebliles l)ecomes a tind»i-el 

 A staff cut with notches is played upon with anotlier and 

 smaller one with rhythmic, rasping thrum, and becomes a viol. 

 A reed, or a section of bark, or the hollow bone of a bird, 

 makes a fltite. A tablet two fingers Avide and a span in length, 

 suspended from a staff with sinew, becomes a roarer which is 

 whipped through the air — the first trumpet of priiuitive m;ni. 



A group of such implements (and there are main' others in 

 primitive life) constitutes the first orchestra. When science 

 comes and the nature of sound itself is understood as a ])rop- 

 erty, musical instruments are invented and improved by the 

 husbandry of mind until a great variety is developed: thus 

 symphony grows from the soil of time. What, then, is sym- 

 ])lionA-? It is a succession of melodies, every one of which is 

 produced by a grouj) of instruments, one of whicli may l)e the 

 human voice. Now, as these instruments play in unison, one 

 or another is selected to })lay the leading melody, and tlie 



