Moo.NEY] AUGUSTA TRKATY ADVANCE OF SETTLEMENTS -15 



war was oikIimI. l-'roiii an ('stiniat(>(l population of at least 5,000 war- 

 rioTH some \('ars lict'oii'. tli(> Clicrokoc^ had now l)oon roducod to about 

 2.800 men.' 



Ill tlic iiicaiitiiiic a for<^c of Virginians under Colonel Stephen had 

 advanced as far as the Great island of the Holston — now Kingsport, 

 Tennessee — where they were met by a large delegation of Cherokee, 

 who sued for peace, which was concluded with them liy Colonel 

 Stephen on November 19, lltil. independently of what was being done 

 in South Carolina. On the urgent request of the chief that an othcer 

 might visit their people for a short time to cement the new friendship, 

 Lieutenant Henry Timlierlake. a young Virginian who had already dis- 

 tinguished himself in active service, volunteered to return with them to 

 their towns, where he spe"nt several months. He afterward conducted 

 a delegation of chiefs to England, where, as they had come without 

 authority from the Government, they met such an unpleasant recep- 

 tion that they returned disgusted. " 



On the conclusion of peace between England and Franct' in ITtlr!. by 

 which the whole western territory was ceded to England, a great 

 council was held at Augusta, which was attended by the chiefs and 

 principal men of all thi> southern Indians, at which Captain John 

 Stuart, superintendent for the southern tribes, together with the colo- 

 nial governors of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and (xeor- 

 gia, explained fully to the Indians the new condition of aliairs. and a 

 treatv of nuitual peace and friendship was concluded on November 10 

 of that year. ^ 



Cnder several leaders, as Walker, Walleii. Smith, and Boon, the tide 

 of emigration now surged aci'oss the mountains in spite of every ctt'ort 

 to restrain it.' and the period between the end of the Cherokee war 

 and the opening of the Revolution is principally notable for a number 

 of treaty cessions by the Indians, eacii in fruitless endeavor to tix a 

 permanent barrier between themselves and the advancing wav(> of 

 white settlement. Chief among these was the famous Henderson ])ur- 

 chase in 1775, which included the whole tract between the Kentucky 

 and Cumberland rivers, embracing the greater part of the present 

 state of Kentucky. By these treaties the Cherokee were shorn of 

 practically all their ancient territorial claims north of the present 

 Tennessee line and east of the Blue ridge and the Savaiuiah. including 

 much of their best hunting range; their home settlements were, how- 

 ever, left still in their possession. ' 



' Figures from Adair, American Indians, p. 227, 1775. When not otherwise noted this slictch of 

 the Cherokee war of 1760-01 is compiled ehiefly from the contemporary dispatches in the Gentleman's 

 Magazine, supplemented from Hewat's Historical account of South Carolina and Georgia, 177S; with 

 additional details fron\ .\dair, .Vmerican Indians; Ramsey, Tennessee; Royce, Clierokee Nation; North 

 Carolina Colonial Records, v, documents and introtluction; etc. 



^Timbcrlake, Memoirs, p. y et i>assini, l"t'ir). 



^Stevens, Georgia, ii, i)p. 'ItWii, l,s.')9. 'Ramsey, Tennessee, pp. n.5-70, 18,5,3. 



'•Royee, Cherokee Nation, in Fiftli' .Vun, Keii. Bur. of Ethnology, pp. lir.-i iv 1>^^s 



