MooNEY] CONFLICTS WITH CKEKKS i''M I I 



Tciiiu'sseo riv<'r to Xutclicz. As it p;i.--s('(l the ('lii(k;iiii!m^:i towns it 

 was tired upon from Kimnini;- ^\■ilt('r and Long island witliout damage. 

 The whites returned the fire, wounding two Indians. A large party of 

 Cherokee. Iieaded ))v Whitt>-inaii-l\iller (Fne'ga-dihi'). then started in 

 pursuit of tiie boat, which th(\y ovei'took at Muscle shoals, where they 

 killed all the white people in it, made prisoners of the negroes, and 

 plundei'ed the goods. Three Indians were killed and on(> was wounded 

 in the action.' It is said that the Indian actors in this massacre tied 

 across the Mississippi into Spanish territory and became the nucleus of 

 the Cherokee Nation of the West, as will be noted elsewhere. 



On June 2t), 1794, another treaty, intended to be supplementary to 

 that of Holston in 1791, was negotiated at Philadelphia, being signed 

 by the Secretary of War and by thirteen principal men of the Chero- 

 kee. An arrangement was made for the proper marking of the 

 boundary then established, and the annuity was increased to five 

 thousand dollars, with a proviso that fifty dollars were to be deducted 

 for every horse stolen by the Cherokee and not restored within three 

 months." 



In July a man naiued John Ish was shot down while plowing in his 

 field eighteen miles below Knoxville. By order of Hanging-maw, the 

 friendly' chief of Echota, a party of Cherokee took the trail and cap- 

 tured the murderer, who proved to be a Creek, whom they brought 

 in to the agent at Tellieo blockhouse,- where he was formally tried 

 and hanged. When asked the usual question he said that his people 

 were at war with the whites, that he had left home to kill or be killed, 

 that he had killed the white man and would have escaped but for the 

 Cherokee, and that there were enough of his nation to avenge his 

 death. A few days later a party of one hundred Creek warriors 

 crossed Tennessee river against the settlements. The alarm was given 

 by Hanging-maw. and fifty-three Cherokee with a few federal troops 

 started in pursuit. On the 10th of August they came up with the 

 Creeks, killing one and wounduig another, one Cherokee being slightlv 

 wounded. The Creeks retreated and the victors returned to the 

 Cherokee towns, where their return was aiuiounced l)y the death song 

 and the firing of guns. "'The night was spent in dancing the scalp 

 dance, accoi-ding to the custom of warriors after a victory over their 

 enemi(!s, in which the white and red people heartily joined. The 

 Upper Ch(>rokee had now stepped too far to go back, and their pro- 

 fessions of friendship were now no longer to be questioned." In the 

 same month there was an engagement between a detachment of about 



1 Haywood, Civil and Political Uistory of Tennessee, p. 308.1823; Ramsey, Tennessee, \t. 591. lSo3; see 

 also memorial in P\itnam, Middle Tennessee, p. 502, ISijg. Haywood ealls the leader Uiiacala, which 

 should he Une'xa-dihl', •' White-man-killer." Compare Haywood's .statement with that of Wa.sh- 

 burn, on pase 100. 



■-Indian Treaties, yip. :w, 40. IKIiT; Royee, Cherokee Nation, Fifth Ann. Rep. Bureau of Kthnology, 

 PIi. 171, 172. Ifvs.s; I)ocument.s of 1797-98, .•Vmerican Slate Papers: Indian Atlairs, i, pp. 028-031, 1832. 

 The treaty is not mentii>ned by the Tennessee historians. 



