> SKV] TREATY OF WASHINGTON ISOti 85 



settlement." upon which a party led by Colonel Watiord had located 

 some years before, under the impression that it was outside the bound- 

 ary established by the Ilopewell treaty. In compensation the Cherokee 

 were to receive an iniUiediate payment of five thousand dollais in 

 {roods or cash with an additional annuity of one thousand dollars. Hy 

 the other treaties — October 25 and '27, 1805 — a large tract was obtained 

 ill central Tennessee and Kentucky, extending between the Cumlier- 

 land range and the western line of the Hopewell treaty, and from 

 Cumberland river southwest to Duck river. One section was also 

 secured at Southwest pcnnt (now Kingston, Tennessee) with the design 

 of establishing there the state capital, which, however, was located at 

 Nashville instead seven years later. Permission was also obtained for 

 two mail roads through the Cherokee country into Georgia and Ala- 

 bama. In consideration of the cessions by the two treaties the United 

 States agi'eed to pay fifteen thousand six hundred dollars in working 

 implements, goods, orcash, with an additional annuity of three thousand 

 dollars. To secure the consent of some of the leading chiefs, the 

 treaty commissioners resorted to the disgraceful precedent of sei-ret 

 articles, by which several valualjle small tracts were reserved for 

 Doublehead and Tollunteeskee, the agreement being recorded as a part 

 of the treaty, but not embodied in the copy sent to the 8enate for con- 

 firmation.' In consequence of continued abuse of his official position 

 for selfish ends Doublehead was soon afterward killed in accordance 

 with a decree of tiie chiefs of the Nation, Major Kidge being selected 

 as executioner." 



By the treaty of October 25. 1805, the settlements in eastern Tennessee 

 were brought into connection with those about Nashville on the Cumber- 

 land, and the state at last assumed compact form. The whole southern 

 portion of the state, as defined in the charter, was still Indian coun- 

 try, and there was a sti-ong and constant pressure for its opening, the 

 prevailing sentiment l»'irig in favor of making Tennessee river the 

 boundary between the two I'aces. New immigrants were constantly 

 crowding in from tiie east, and, as Royce says, '"the desire to settle 

 on Itidian land was as potent and insatiable with the average border 

 settler then as it is now." Ahnost within two montiis of the last 

 treaties another one was concludccl at Washington on .lanuary 7, LSdti, 

 liy whici) the Cherokee ceded their claim to a large tract between 

 Ouck river and the Tennessee, embracing nearly seven thousand 

 sipiare miles in 'lY>nness(>e and .Vlabama. together with the Long island 

 (Great island) in Holston river, which up to this time they had claimed 

 as theirs. They were promised in compensation ten thousand dollars 

 in five cash installments, a grist mill and cotton gin, and a life annuity 



' Indian treaties, pp.108, 121, 125, 1837; Royce, Cheroljee Nation, Fiftli Ann. Rep. Bureau of Ethnol- 

 OKV, pp. 1S3 19S. 18* (map ami full discussion). 

 -McKeuuey and Hall, Indian Tribes, ii, p. 92, 1858. 



