MooNKv) PRESSURE FOR REMOVAL 105 



ihmmIIc and th(> spinning-wheel. Tiiere was also a lartre work farm. 

 'I'iie mission prospered and others were csta})lished at Willstowii, 

 Hiuhtower, and elsewhere by the same board, in whicii two luindred 

 pupils were receivinuf instriu'tion in 1820.' Among the earliest and 

 most noted w'orkers at the Brainerd mission were Reverend I). S. But- 

 trick and Reverend S. A. Worcester (38), the latter especially lui\ in<f 

 done much for the mental elevation of the Cherokee, and more than once 

 ha\ing suti'ered imprisonment for his zeal in defending their cause. 

 The missions flourished until broken up by the state of Georgia at the 

 beginning of the Removal troubles, and they were afterwards renewed 

 in the western country. Mission ridge preserves the memory of the 

 Brainerd establishment. 



Pearly in 1818 a delegation of emigrant Cherokee visited Washing- 

 ton for the purpose of securing a more satisfactory determination of 

 the lioundaries of their new lands on the Arkansas. Measures were 

 soon afterward taken for that purpose. They also asked recognition in 

 the future as a separate and distinct tribe, but nothing was done in the 

 matter. In order to remove, if possible, the hostile feeling lietween 

 the emigrants and the native Osage, who r(>garded the forniei' as 

 intrudei's, Governor William Clark, superintendent of Indian atlairs 

 for Missouri, arranged a conference of the chiefs of the two tribes at 

 St. Louis in Octobt>r of that year, at which, after protracted effort. Ik^ 

 succeeded in establishing friendly relations between them. Eti'orts 

 were made about th(» same time, both by the emigrant Cherokee and 

 by the government, to persuade the Shawano and Delawares then 

 residing in Missouri, and the Oneida in New York, to join the western 

 Cherokee, but nothing came of the negotiations.' In 1825 a delegation 

 of western Cherokee visited the Shawano in Ohio for the same pui'pose, 

 but without success. Their object in thus inviting friendly Indians to 

 join them was to strengthen themselves against the Osage and other 

 native tribes. 



In the meantime the government, through Governor McMinn, was 

 bringing strong pressure to bear upon the eastern Cherokee to compel 

 their removal to the West. At a council conviMied by him in November. 

 1818. the governor represented to the chiefs that it was now no longer 

 possible to protect them from the encroachments of the surrounding 

 white population: that, however the government might wish to help 

 them, their lands would be taken, their stock stolen, their women cor- 

 rupted, and their ni(>n made drunkards unless they removed to the 

 western ])ai'adise. He ended by proposing to pay them one hundred 

 thousand dollars iov their whole territory, with the expen.se of removal, 

 if they would go at once. Cpon their prompt and indignant refusal 

 he offered to double the amount, but with as little success. 



' Morse, OeoKriipliy, i, p. 577, 1819; and p. 18,5, 1.S2'2. 



= Koycu, Cherokee Nation, Fifth Ann, Rep. Bureau of Kthnoloyy, pp. 221- 



