148 MYTHS OF THE CHEROKEE (etii.ann.19 



village of San Fernando. Moxico, in Aug-ust of that year. Ktimors 

 having come of hi.s helpless condition, a party bad been sent out from 

 the Nation to bring him back, but arrived too late to find him alive. 

 A pension of throe Imndred dollars, previously voted to him ))v the 

 Nation, was continued to his widow — the (jrd}- literary pension in the 

 United States. Besides a wife he left two sons and a daughter.' 

 Sequoyah district of the Cherokee Nation was named in his honor, and 

 the great trees of California {Sequoia glgantect) also preserve his 

 memory. 



In 1846 a treaty was concluded at Washington by which the con- 

 flicting claims of the Old Settlers and later emigrants were adjusted, 

 reimbursement was promised for sums unjustly deducted from the 

 tive-million-dollar payment guaranteed under the treaty of 1835, and 

 a general amnesty was proclaimed for all past ofl'enses within the 

 Nation." Final settlement of the treaty claims has not yet been made, 

 and the matter is still a subject of litigation, including all the treaties 

 and agreements up to the pi(>sent date. 



In 1859 the devoted missionary Samuel Worcester, authoi- of 

 numerous translations and first organizer of the Advocate, died at 

 Park Hill mission, in the Cherokee Nation, after thirt3'-five years 

 spent in the service of the Cherokee, having suffered chains, impris- 

 onment, and exile for their sake.' 



The breaking out of the civil war in 18H1 found the Ciierokee 

 divided in sentiment. Being slave owners, like the other Indians 

 removed from the southei'n states, and surrounded by southei-n influ- 

 ences, the agents in charge being themselves southern sympathizers, 

 a considerable party in each of the tribes was disposed to take active 

 part with the Confederacy. The old Ridge party, headed by Stand 

 Watie and supported by the secret secession organization known as 

 the Knights of the Golden Circle, declared for the Confederacy. The 

 National party, headed l)y .Tolm Ross and supported l)y the patriotic 

 organization known as the Kitoowah society — whose members were 

 afterward known as Pin Indians — declared for strict neutrality. At 

 last, however, the pressure became too strong to lie resisted, and on 

 October 7, 1861, a treaty was concluded at Tahlequah, with General 

 Albert Pike, commissioner for the Confederate states, by which the 

 Cherokee Nation cast its lot with the Confederac^y, as the Creeks, 

 Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Osage, Comanche, and several smaller 

 tribes had already done.* 



1 W. A. Phillips, Sequoyah, in Harper's Magazine, September, 1870; Foster, Sequoyah. 1S85: Royee, 

 Cherokee Nation, Fifth Ann. Rep. Bureau of Ethnology, p. 302. 188S; letter of William P. Ross, former 

 editor of Cherokee Advocate, March 11, 18S9, in archives of Bvireau of American Ethnology: Cherokee 

 Advocate, October 19, 1844, November 2, 1844, and March 0, 1845; author's personal information. San 

 Fernando seems to have been a small village in Chihuahua, but is not .shown on the maps. 



~ For full discussion see Royce, op. cit., pp. '298-312. 



3 Pilling, Bibliography of thelroquoian Languages (bulletin of the Bureau of Ethnology),p. 174, 1888. 



■•See treaties with Cherokee, October 7,IS(il,and with other tribes, in Confederate States Statutes 

 at Large, 18G4; Eoyce, op. cit., pp. 324-328: Greeley, American Conflict, ii, pp. 30-34, 1866; Reports of 

 Indian Coninn'ssioncr for Isi'.O to 18(12. 



