MoosEV] TKMl'nRAKY IX('(H{l'ilK ATION OF CATAWHA lti5 



As illustrative of liis shn-wduoss it is told that he onco tracked a 

 little Indian ofirl to C'hai'leston, South Carolina, where she had heen 

 earrietl l>v l^idnappers and sold as a slave, and regained her freedom hy 

 liroviny. from expert mici'oscoj>ic examination, that her hair liad none 

 of tiie negro eliaracteristies.' 



( 'hristianity was iidi'odiired among the Kituhwa Ch(>rolv(>e shortly 

 before the Removal tiirough \\'on'ester and Boudinot's translation of 

 .Matthew, first puhiisiied at New Eehota in lS2i>. in tlie al)sence of 

 missionaries the book was read ))y the Indians from house to house. 

 After the Removal a Methodist minister. Reverend Ulrieh Keener, 

 began to make visits for pn>aehing at irregular intervals, and was fol- 

 lowed several j'ears later by Baptist workers." 



In the fall of 18S9 the Conunissioner of Indian Aftairs reported 

 that the East Cherokee had recently expressed a desire to join tlieii- 

 brethren in the West, hut had been deterred from so doing liy the 

 unsettled condition of atlairs in the Territory. He states that " they 

 have a right to remain or to go," but that as the interests of others 

 are involved in their decision they .should decide without delay.'' 



In 1840 about one hundred Catawba, nearly all that were left of tiie 

 tribe. l)cing dissatisfied witii their condition in South Carolina, moved 

 up in a l)ody and took up their residence with the Cherokee. Latent 

 tril)al jealousies broke out, ho\ve\ei-. and at their own re(|uest nego- 

 tiations were begun in 1848. through Thomas and others, for their 

 removal to Indian Territory. The etl'ort being without result, they 

 soon after began to drift hack to their own homes, until, in 1852, there 

 were only about a dozen rt'Uiaining among the Cherokee. In IS'.H) 

 only one was left, an old woman, the widow of a Cherokee husband. 

 She and her daughter. l)oth (d' wliom s]ioke the language, wei'e expert 

 potters according to the Catawba method, which diti'ers markedly from 

 that of the Cherokee. There are now two Catawba women, both mar- 

 ried to Cherokee husbands, living with th(> tribe, and practicing tlieir 

 native ])otter"s ai't. While residing among the Cherokee, the Cataw))a 

 ac(|uired a i-eputation as doctors and leaders of the dance.* 



On August 0. i.s4t>. a treaty was concluded at Wasiungton with tiie 

 representati\es of the Cherokee Nation west by which the rights of 

 the East Cherokee to a participation in t lie benefits of the New Echotii 

 treaty of 1.S35 were distinctly recognized, and jirovision was made for 

 a final adjustment of all unpaid and pending claims due under tiiat 

 treaty. The right claimed liy the East Cherokee to participate in the 



'The tacts concerningjunaluskn are from the author's information obtained from Colonel Thomas, 

 Captain .lames Terrell, and Cherokee informants. 



-.\uthor's information fninl C<ilonel Thomas. 



■•Commissioner Crawford. November 2.'), Report of Indian Commissioner, j). 33;J. IHUD. 



* .Vnthor's information from (Colonel Thomas, Captain Terrell, and Indian sourees; Commi.ssioner W. 

 Medill, Report of Indian Commi.ssioner, p. 399, 1848; Commissioner Orlando Brown, Report of Indian 

 Commissioner for 1849, p. 14, 18.')0. 



