48'4 MYTHS OK THP: CHKKOKEE [F.TH.ANN-.19 



claim over the whole territory from the Cherokee Ijorder to Hudson bay and from 

 southern New England to the Mississippi. According to a careful estimate in 1677 

 the Five Nations then numbered 2,150 warriors, or about 10,750 persons. The Tus- 

 earora in Carolina were estimated a few years later at 1,200 warriors, or 5,000 jiersons, 

 but this is probably an exaggeration. The league afterward lost heavily by wars 

 with the French, and still more by withdrawals of Christianized Indians to the 

 French Catholic mission colonies at Caughnawaga, Saint Regis, and elsewhere, the 

 Mohawk being the chief sufferers. The Revolution brought about another separa- 

 tion, when about two-fifths of those remaining, including nearly all of the !Mohawk 

 and Cayuga, removed in a body to Canada. A mixed band of Seneca and Cayuga, 

 known as the "Seneca of Sandusky," had previously settled in Ohio, whence they 

 removed in 1831 to Indian Territory. Between 1820 and 1826 the greater portion 

 of the Oneida removed from New York to lands in Wisconsin purchased from the 

 Menomini. In spite, however, of wars and removals the Iroquois have held their 

 own with a tenacity and a virility which mark their whole history, and liotb in this 

 country and in Canada they are fairly prosperous and are increasing in population, 

 being apparently more numerous to-day than at any former period. Those in New 

 York and Pennsylvania, except the Saint Regis, and on the Grand River reservation 

 in Canada, constituting together about one-half of the whole number, still keep up 

 the forms and ceremonies of the ancient league. 



According to a special bulletii) of the census of 1890 the total number of Indians 

 then belonging to the tribes originally constituting the Six Nations was 15,83.3, of 

 whom 8,483 were living in Canada and 7,350 in the United States, excluding from the 

 latter count 37 resident memliers of other tribes. Those in the United States were 

 on six reservations in the State of New York, one in Pennsylvania, one in Wisconsin, 

 and one in the Indian Territory, and were classed as follows: 

 Mohawk (including Indians of Saint Regis and Caughnawaga): in New York. 1,162 



Oneida: in New York, 212; at Green Bay agency, Wisconsin, 1,716 1, 928 



Onondaga: in New York, 470; on Cornplanter reservation, Pennsylvania, 11 . 481 



Cayuga: in New York 183 



Seneca: in New York, 2,680; on Cornplanter reservation, Pennsylvania, 87... 2,767 



Tuscarora: in New York 408 



Iroquois mixed bloods, separately enumerated, on reservations in New York. . 87 

 Iroquois outside reservations in New York, Connecticut, and JIassachusetts . . 79 

 Mixed Seneca and Cayuga at Quapaw agency, Indian Territory 255 



7, 350 

 Those in Canada were at the same time officially reported thus: 

 Mohawk: at Caughnawaga, 1,722; at Saint Regis, 1,190; on Grand River reser- 

 vation, 1,344; at Bay of Quinte, 1,056 5,312 



Oneida: on Thames river, 715; on Grand River reservation, 244 959 



Onondaga: on Grand River reservation 325 



Cayuga: on Gran<l Ri ver reservation 865 



Seneca: on Grand River reservation 183 



Tuscarora: on Grand River reservation 327 



Iroquois of Lake of Two Mountains 375 



Iroquois of Gibson 137 



8,483 



A few Algonkin are included among the Iroquois of Caughnawaga and Saint Regis, 

 the Iroquois of these two settlements having been originally Catholic emigrants from 

 the Mohawk villages in New York, with a few Oneida and Onondaga. When the 

 boundary line between New York and (Canada was run it cut the Saint Regis reser- 

 vation in two. The rejwjrt of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs for 1900 shows 



