MOONEY] NOTES AM) TAHALLKLS 495 



Carolina. With tlic advance of tlie white ^^ettlenlellts the two trihe>< moved west- 

 ward into Oliio, tlie Shawano fixing tlieinselves in tlie vicinity of the present Piqua 

 and Chillicothe about the year 1750. They took a lea<ling part in tlie Frendi and 

 Indian war, Pontiac'8 war, the Kevolution, and the war of 1812. In 1793 a consid- 

 eraV)le liand settled in Missouri upon lands granted l)y tlie Spanish government. As 

 a result of successive sales and removals all that reniaiii of the tribe are now estab- 

 lished in Indian Territory, about one-half being incorporated with the Cherokee 

 Nation. In 1900 they nuniliered about 1,580, viz, in Cherokee Nation (in 1898), 

 790; Absentee Shawnee of Sac and Fox Agency, 509; Al)sentee Shawnee of Big Jim's 

 band, special agency, 184; Eastern Shawnee of Quapaw Agency, 93. There are also 

 a few scattered among other tribes. For detailed information consult Drake, Life 

 of Tecumseh; Heckewelder, Indian Nations; Brinton, Lenape and Their Legends; 

 American State Papers: Indian .\ffairs, t and ii; Annual Rei)ortsof the Commissioner 

 of Indian Affairs. 



100. The r.vid on Tikwali'tsI (p. 374): Swimmer, from whom this story was 

 obtained, was of opinion that the event occurred when his mother was a little girl, 

 say about 1795, but it must have been earlier. 



The locations are all in Swain county, North Carolina. TIkwilli'tsI town was on 

 Tuckasegee river, at the present Bryson City, inmiediately below and adjoining the 

 more imijortant town of Kituhwa. Deep creek enters the Tuckasegee from the north, 

 about a mile above Bryson City. The place where the trail crossed is called L'ni- 

 ga'yata'ti'yl, "Where they made a fish trap," a name which may have suggested the 

 simile used by the story teller. The place where the Cherokee crossed, above Deep 

 creek, is called L'niyil'hitun'yt, "Where they shot it." The cliff over which the 

 prisoners were thrown is called Kala'ilsiifiyl, "Where he fell off," near Cold Spring 

 knob, west of Deep creek. The Cherokee halted for a night at Agitsta'ti'yl, "Where 

 they staid up all night," a few miles beyond, on the western head fork of Deep creek. 

 They passed Kunsti'itsi'yI. "Sa.ssafras place," a gap al)0Ut the head of Noland creek, 

 near ('lingman's dome, and finally gave up the pursuit where the trail crossed into 

 Tenncs.-iee, at a gap on the main ridge, just below t'lingman's dome, known as Duni- 

 ya''t;i'luii'yl, "Where there are shelves," so called from an exposure of flat rock on 

 the top of the ridge (see the glossary). 



Magic arts — It is almost superfluous to state that no Indian war party ever started 

 out without a vast deal of conjuring and "making medii'ine" to discover the where- 

 abouts and strength of the enemy and to insure victory and safe return to the de|)art- 

 ing warriors. 



]V(iil for (li'dth — The Indian usually meets inevitable fate with ei|uaniniity, and 

 more than once in our Indian wars an aged warrior or helpless wi)nian, unable to 

 escape, has sat down upon the ground, and, with blanket drawn over the liead, calmly 

 awaited the fatal bullet or hatchet stroke. 



101. The l.vst Sh.\wano invasion (p. 374): This story also is from Swimmer, 

 whose antiquarian interest in the history of these wars may have been heightened liy 

 the fact that he had a slight strain of Shawano bloo<l himself. The descendants of 

 the old chief Sawanu'gi and his brothers, originally of Shawano stock, as the name 

 indicates, have been prominent in the affairs of the East Cherokee for more than 

 half a century, and one of them, bearing the ancestral name, is now second chief of 

 the band and starter of the game at every large balli)lay. 



The cry of an oml — One of the commonest claims put forth by the medicine men 

 is that of ability to understand the language of birds and to obtain supernatural 

 knowledge from them, particularly from the owl, which is regarded with a. speciea of 

 fear by the laity, as the embodiment of a human ghost, on account of its nocturnal 

 habit and generally uncanny appearance. A medicine man who died a few years ago 

 aniDUg the Kiowa claimed to derive his powers from that bird. The body of an owl, 



