Geological Society, 79 



orchards, and greenhouses, but "within the last few j-ears have bcoii 

 comparatively neglected by entomologists ; and before the appearance 

 of the present ■work almost the only recent information relating to 

 the British species was to be found in papers by Mr. J. W, Douglas 

 and Mr. E. Newstead in successive volumes of the ' Entomologist's 

 Monthly Magazine.' In the exhaustive and beautifully illustrated 

 volumes before us Mr. Newstead deals with eighty-eight British 

 species and four varieties. Many of these are doubtless introduced, 

 for Coccidae are very liable to be carried from one country to 

 another with plants, to which the gravid apterous females firmly 

 attach themselves, covering their eggs with their own dead bodies, 

 whereas the males are very delicately formed and fragile winged 

 insects. 



Outside Europe the Coccidse have been more especially studied in 

 North America, Ceylon, and New Zealand ; and very recently 

 Mrs. Maria E. Fernald, A.M., has published a Catalogue of the 

 Coccidae of the World, as Bulletin no. 8 of the Hatch Experiment 

 Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, in which she 

 enumerates 1514 species. There can be no question but that the 

 existing number of species is very much larger — how much larger it 

 would be futile even to hazard a guess at present. 



Mr. Newstead's first volume includes a good deal of introductory 

 matter, under such headings as life-history and metamorphoses ; 

 natural products; migration, distribution, acclimatizution,&c. ; natural 

 enemies ; collecting and preserving, methods of prevention and 

 remedies; insecticides, &c. ; and the monograph of the subfamily 

 DiaspinJB. The second volume contains the monographs of the 

 subfamilies Conchaspinoe, Lecaniinae, Hemicoccina3, Dactylopiinoe, 

 Coccina3, OrtheziinsB, and Monophlebiuae, four other subfamilies 

 (the Tachardiinse, Idiococcinoe, Brachyscelinae, and Margarodinae) 

 being at present unrepresented in the British Isles. 



Many Cocci dte exude a large amount of waxy matter, often taking 

 the form of regular laminae, as may be seen very conspicuously on 

 the last two plates of Mr. Newstead's book. 



All Coccidae are not injurious, and several foreign species yield 

 valuable products, such as cochineal, wax, and lac ; while others 

 yield honey-dew, and some species are domesticated by ants. 



PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. 

 GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 

 April 27th, 1901.— J. E. Marr, Sc.D., F.R.S., 

 President, in the Chair, 



The following communication was read :— 



• On a New Species of Eoscorpias from the Upper Carboniferous 

 Rocks of Lancashire.' By Walter Baldwin, Esq., F.G.S., and William 

 Henry Sutcliff'e, Esq., F.G.S. 



The specimen described was found in an iron.'itone-uodulc occurring 



